Cross River University of Technology

About: Cross River University of Technology is a education organization based out in Calabar, Nigeria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Exergy. The organization has 465 authors who have published 507 publications receiving 2705 citations.

The Epidemiological Implications of Deer Fly Nuisance Biting and Transmission of Loiasis in an Endemic Area in Southeastern Nigeria

Abstract: This work was aimed at determining the epidemiological implications of deer fly biting in Southeastern Nigeria and ascertaining the circadian and monthly biting pattern and the transmission potential of Chrysops in the area. Human-landing catches were carried out for 52 weeks by a catching team of four. A total of 930 female Chrysops sp. was caught; biting peaked during the months of June through August. The highest monthly biting rate (MBR) was 353 bites per person per month in July 2006. The annual biting rate (ABR) was 3,317 bites per person per year. The overall infective rate was 3.8%. A total of 314 L3s was recorded with a mean of 9.8 L3s per infective Chrysops. The highest monthly transmission potential (MTP) was 389 infective bites per month observed in July 2006. The annual transmission potential (ATP) was 1,265 infective bites per person per year. Parous rate was 29.3% and was higher during dry months of October through February. The circadian biting activities showed two peaks: between 07:00 and 10:00 hours and between 15:00 and 17:00 hours. The epidemiological implications of deer fly biting in the area are multifaceted. Resources must not be spared in bringing an end to their menace.

Application of Elements of Corporate Social Responsibility as Change Mechanisms

Abstract: Corporate Social Responsibility is viewed as societal audit on business firms. Both the internal and external components of Corporate Social Responsibility had been investigated in this paper to establish their impact as change mechanism. This paper concludes by pointing to corporate managers to operate as good neighbours and to strike an ecological balance on the use of societal resources.

Environmental Degradability of Nigerian Long Bamboo Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composite (NLBFRPC)

Abstract: There has been increased interest in development of composite materials with relevant mechanical and chemical properties for use in industrial and domestic applications. Not much has been done in the area of their response to the practical environment that their applications are found. In this present study the pest and chemical resistance of the Nigerian long bamboo fibre and reinforced composite on exposure to practical environment with particular respect to the soil was investigated. Natural fibre has emerged as a renewable and cheaper substitute to synthetic materials such as glass, carbon and aramid, which are used as reinforcements. The long bamboo fibre was extracted using maceration method. The fabrication of the composite was carried out using Bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) as the matrix and the long bamboo fibre as reinforcement. Tests were carried out to determine the effect of environment on degradation of the composite and the long bamboo fiber. The composite showed significant resistance to pest infestation or attack while the long bamboo fiber showed susceptibility to the soil and its moisture condition thereby decomposing completely after a period of time. Therefore the material developed can be used in aquatic craft applications with strong dependence on its mechanical properties.

Improving the capacity and operational efficiency of an on-street parking system using data-based parking management strategies: case study of watt market in calabar, south-south nigeria

Abstract: Solving parking challenges in a manner that is sustainable would require a shift from using up more scarce land resources in providing supply to meet an unending demand for parking. Parking management is the approach of tackling parking challenges that efficiently utilizes scarce resources to meet demand in a sustainable way. This paper studied an on-street parking system in the central business district with the aim of proffering policies and strategies that can help improve the capacity and operational efficiency of the park. Parking inventory and the license plate method were employed in analyzing the parking characteristics of the park. By introducing a parking duration restriction, more capacity could be accommodated on the current available lots. A 90-minute limit would accommodate at least 106 more vehicles and increase the turnover from 13 to 14 vehicles per lot for the duration of survey, thus improving operational capacity and efficiency. The paper shows that parking management strategies that are effective in making the difference should be employed based on adequate field surveys, observations and analysis. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i2.4

Impact of Single and Concomitant HBV and HIV Infections on Alanine aminotransferase and Bilirubin in Benue State

Abstract: This study was to determine the impact of single and concomitant HBV/HIV infections on alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin as well as the impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ( HAART) on the natural history of HBV in HIV infected individuals. Cross sectional study was carried out in three senatorial districts of Benue State, Nigeria, between April and July, 2013. A total of 219 blood samples were collected randomly from volunteered consented participants and analyzed for HBV markers (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb and HBeAg) using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), direct bilirubin and total bilirubin levels were quantified. Categorical variables were compared using chi square test while Univariate analysis of variance (UNIANOVA) was used to compare numerical variables in groups. Thirty (13.7%) had HBV current infection with 10.0% (3/30) carrying antigens of infectivity (HBeAg). HBsAg was lowest among HIV positive individuals on HAART (3.2%) but was highest among HIV negative subjects (16.9%). Univariate multiple comparisons shows that concomitant HBV-HIV infected individuals significantly had higher ALT compared with HIV mono-infection (P=0.00), HBV mono-infection (P=0.01), HIV positive individuals on HAART (P=0.01) and the control subjects (P=0.00). Direct bilirubin significantly had higher elevation among individuals with HBV mono-infection compared with HIV positive individuals on HAART (P=0.03) and non HAART (P=0.01). There was no individual with severe or life threatening serum elevation of ALT but one case of HBV infected male with severe elevation of total bilirubin was recorded. Hence, HBV-HIV concomitant infection significantly impact serum ALT elevation and HAART is of positive predictive impact on the history of HBV among HIV positive individuals.