Institution
Ecolab
Company•Northwich, United Kingdom•
About: Ecolab is a company organization based out in Northwich, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Alkyl & Corrosion. The organization has 2860 authors who have published 3193 publications receiving 51478 citations. The organization is also known as: Economics Laboratory.
Topics: Alkyl, Corrosion, Aqueous solution, Corrosion inhibitor, Cleaning agent
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A review and some meta-analyses of the literature reporting both observed and predicted climate-induced effects on the distribution of freshwater fish is provided in this paper, where the authors highlight the fact that, in recent years, freshwater fish distributions have already been affected by contemporary climate change in ways consistent with anticipated responses under future climate change scenarios: the range of most cold water species could be reduced or shift to higher altitude or latitude, whereas that of cool- and warm-water species could expand or contract.
Abstract: 1. Climate change could be one of the main threats faced by aquatic ecosystems and freshwater biodiversity. Improved understanding, monitoring and forecasting of its effects are thus crucial for researchers, policy makers and biodiversity managers. 2. Here, we provide a review and some meta-analyses of the literature reporting both observed and predicted climate-induced effects on the distribution of freshwater fish. After reviewing three decades of research, we summarise how methods in assessing the effects of climate change have evolved, and whether current knowledge is geographically or taxonomically biased. We conducted multispecies qualitative and quantitative analyses to find out whether the observed responses of freshwater fish to recent changes in climate are consistent with those predicted under future climate scenarios. 3. We highlight the fact that, in recent years, freshwater fish distributions have already been affected by contemporary climate change in ways consistent with anticipated responses under future climate change scenarios: the range of most cold-water species could be reduced or shift to higher altitude or latitude, whereas that of cool- and warm-water species could expand or contract. 4. Most evidence about the effects of climate change is underpinned by the large number of studies devoted to cold-water fish species (mainly salmonids). Our knowledge is still incomplete, however, particularly due to taxonomic and geographic biases. 5. Observed and expected responses are well correlated among families, suggesting that model predictions are supported by empirical evidence. The observed effects are of greater magnitude and show higher variability than the predicted effects, however, indicating that other drivers of changes may be interacting with climate and seriously affecting freshwater fish. 6. Finally, we suggest avenues of research required to address current gaps in what we know about the climate-induced effects on freshwater fish distribution, including (i) the need for more long-term data analyses, (ii) the assessment of climate-induced effects at higher levels of organisation (e.g. assemblages), (iii) methodological improvements (e.g. accounting for uncertainty among projections and species' dispersal abilities, combining both distributional and empirical approaches and including multiple non-climatic stressors) and (iv) systematic confrontation of observed versus predicted effects across multi-species assemblages and at several levels of biological organisation (i.e. populations and assemblages).
281 citations
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Spanish National Research Council1, James Cook University2, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology3, ETH Zurich4, University of Tasmania5, University of Coimbra6, University of Hong Kong7, University of New England (Australia)8, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais9, Ecolab10, University of Toulouse11, University of Toronto12, National University of Comahue13, Monash University14, University of Concepción15, Cornell University16, University of Puerto Rico17, University of Yamanashi18, Egerton University19, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud20, University of Panama21
TL;DR: It is found that climate warming will likely hasten microbial litter decomposition and produce an equivalent decline in detritivore-mediated decomposition rates, which implies consequences for global biogeochemistry and a possible positive climate feedback.
Abstract: The decomposition of plant litter is one of the most important ecosystem processes in the biosphere and is particularly sensitive to climate warming. Aquatic ecosystems are well suited to studying warming effects on decomposition because the otherwise confounding influence of moisture is constant. By using a latitudinal temperature gradient in an unprecedented global experiment in streams, we found that climate warming will likely hasten microbial litter decomposition and produce an equivalent decline in detritivore-mediated decomposition rates. As a result, overall decomposition rates should remain unchanged. Nevertheless, the process would be profoundly altered, because the shift in importance from detritivores to microbes in warm climates would likely increase CO2 production and decrease the generation and sequestration of recalcitrant organic particles. In view of recent estimates showing that inland waters are a significant component of the global carbon cycle, this implies consequences for global biogeochemistry and a possible positive climate feedback.
280 citations
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TL;DR: First results on inhibition of biofouling in reversed osmosis systems are presented, and a novel approach is biofilm inhibition by supplementation of systems with nutrients, to inhibit attachment.
256 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the strigolactones appeared earlier in the streptophyte lineage to control rhizoid elongation and may have been conserved in basal Embryophytes for this role and then recruited for the stimulation of colonization by glomeromycotan fungi.
Abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the appearance of strigolactones in the green lineage and to determine the primitive function of these molecules. We measured the strigolactone content of several isolated liverworts, mosses, charophyte and chlorophyte green algae using a sensitive biological assay and LC-MS/MS analyses. In parallel, sequence comparison of strigolactone-related genes and phylogenetic analyses were performed using available genomic data and newly sequenced expressed sequence tags. The primitive function of strigolactones was determined by exogenous application of the synthetic strigolactone analog, GR24, and by mutant phenotyping. Liverworts, the most basal Embryophytes and Charales, one of the closest green algal relatives to Embryophytes, produce strigolactones, whereas several other species of green algae do not. We showed that GR24 stimulates rhizoid elongation of Charales, liverworts and mosses, and rescues the phenotype of the strigolactone-deficient Ppccd8 mutant of Physcomitrella patens. These findings demonstrate that the first function of strigolactones was not to promote arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Rather, they suggest that the strigolactones appeared earlier in the streptophyte lineage to control rhizoid elongation. They may have been conserved in basal Embryophytes for this role and then recruited for the stimulation of colonization by glomeromycotan fungi.
243 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of water temperature and nutrient levels on the decomposition of alder leaves and associated aquatic hyphomycetes in microcosms were investigated.
Abstract: In woodland streams, the decomposition of allochthonous organic matter constitutes a fundamental ecosystem process, where aquatic hyphomycetes play a pivotal role. It is therefore greatly affected by water temperature and nutrient concentrations. The individual effects of these factors on the decomposition of litter have been studied previously. However, in the climate warming scenario predicted for this century, water temperature and nutrient concentrations are expected to increase simultaneously, and their combined effects on litter decomposition and associated biological activity remains unevaluated. In this study, we addressed the individual and combined effects of water temperature (three levels) and nutrient concentrations (two levels) on the decomposition of alder leaves and associated aquatic hyphomycetes in microcosms. Decomposition rates across treatments varied between 0.0041dayˉ¹ at 5°C and low nutrient level and 0.0100 dayˉ¹ at 15°C and high nutrient level. The stimulation of biological variables at high nutrients and temperatures indicates that nutrient enrichment of streams might have a higher stimulatory effect on fungal performance and decomposition rates under a warming scenario than at present. The stimulation of fungal biomass and sporulation with increasing temperature at both nutrient levels shows that increases in water temperature might enhance fungal growth and reproduction in both oligotrophic and eutrophic streams. The stimulation of fungal respiration and litter decomposition with increasing temperature at high nutrients indicates that stimulation of carbon mineralization will probably occur at eutrophied streams, while oligotrophic conditions seem to be 'protected' from warming. All biological variables were stimulated when both factors increased, as a result of synergistic interactions between factors. Increased water temperature and nutrient level also affected the structure of aquatic hyphomycete assemblages. It is plausible that if water quality of presently eutrophied streams is improved, the potential stimulatory effects of future increases in water temperature on aquatic biota and processes might be mitigated.
239 citations
Authors
Showing all 2862 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Christophe Bailly | 65 | 324 | 14901 |
Muhammad Shahid | 56 | 477 | 12097 |
Eric Chauvet | 56 | 132 | 11539 |
Camille Dumat | 53 | 122 | 8090 |
Emmanuel Flahaut | 50 | 303 | 12609 |
Jean-Luc Probst | 47 | 218 | 9373 |
Eric Pinelli | 43 | 114 | 5539 |
Alain Dejean | 40 | 310 | 7144 |
Dirk S. Schmeller | 40 | 122 | 4788 |
Anne Probst | 39 | 161 | 5917 |
Thierry Huguet | 38 | 73 | 4795 |
Régis Céréghino | 36 | 167 | 4825 |
José-Miguel Sánchez-Pérez | 35 | 138 | 3339 |
Sabine Sauvage | 32 | 131 | 2705 |
Durward I. Faries | 31 | 53 | 2289 |