Institution
University of Hamburg
Education•Hamburg, Germany•
About: University of Hamburg is a education organization based out in Hamburg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 45564 authors who have published 89286 publications receiving 2850161 citations. The organization is also known as: Hamburg University.
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Nasim Mavaddat1, Paul D.P. Pharoah1, Kyriaki Michailidou1, Jonathan Tyrer1 +239 more•Institutions (68)
TL;DR: The PRS stratifies breast cancer risk in women both with and without a family history of breast cancer, and the observed level of risk discrimination could inform targeted screening and prevention strategies.
Abstract: Background: Data for multiple common susceptibility alleles for breast cancer may be combined to identify women at different levels of breast cancer risk. Such stratification could guide preventive and screening strategies. However, empirical evidence for genetic risk stratification is lacking. Methods: We investigated the value of using 77 breast cancer-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for risk stratification, in a study of 33 673 breast cancer cases and 33 381 control women of European origin. We tested all possible pair-wise multiplicative interactions and constructed a 77-SNP polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer overall and by estrogen receptor (ER) status. Absolute risks of breast cancer by PRS were derived from relative risk estimates and UK incidence and mortality rates. Results: There was no strong evidence for departure from a multiplicative model for any SNP pair. Women in the highest 1% of the PRS had a three-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared with women in the middle quintile (odds ratio [OR] = 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.95 to 3.83). The ORs for ER-positive and ER-negative disease were 3.73 (95% CI = 3.24 to 4.30) and 2.80 (95% CI = 2.26 to 3.46), respectively. Lifetime risk of breast cancer for women in the lowest and highest quintiles of the PRS were 5.2% and 16.6% for a woman without family history, and 8.6% and 24.4% for a woman with a first-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: The PRS stratifies breast cancer risk in women both with and without a family history of breast cancer. The observed level of risk discrimination could inform targeted screening and prevention strategies. Further discrimination may be achievable through combining the PRS with lifestyle/environmental factors, although these were not considered in this report.
471 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, pyrolytic lignins were obtained from Pyrolysis oil as fine homogeneous powder by a novel precipitation method using FTIR data, which indicated that a changing oxygen content mainly affects the intensity of carbonyl absorption bands.
471 citations
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TL;DR: Routine prescription of CPAP to patients with CAD with nonsleepy OSA did not significantly reduce long-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes in the intention-to-treat population, and there was a significant reduction after adjustment for baseline comorbidities and compliance with the treatment.
Abstract: RATIONALE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), many of whom do not report daytime sleepiness. First-line treatment for symptomatic OSA is continu ...
470 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the key progress in this area, describe the potential applications for biology and materials science, and discuss the prospect for imaging single molecules using X-ray free-electron lasers.
Abstract: Very high resolution X-ray imaging has been the subject of considerable research over the past few decades. However, the spatial resolution of these methods is limited by the manufacturing quality of the X-ray optics. More recently, lensless X-ray imaging has emerged as a powerful approach that is able to circumvent this limitation. A number of classes of lensless X-ray imaging have been developed so far, with many based on other forms of optics. Here we report the key progress in this area, describe the potential applications for biology and materials science, and discuss the prospect for imaging single molecules using X-ray free-electron lasers.
469 citations
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TL;DR: Results underline that ambulation-focused scales in MS represent a key dimension from the patient perspective and visual functioning should be taken more into account.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis is a heterogeneous disease with varying clinical picture. There have been substantial efforts to develop outcome measurements for therapeutic interventions but very few studies have addressed the value of bodily functions from the patient perspective. In a randomly selected cohort of early ( 15 years, n=82) patients we asked for a weighting of 13 bodily functions and compared results with actual disability as measured by the United Kingdom Disability Scale. Lower limb function was given the highest priority in both patient groups followed by visual functioning and cognition especially in longer lasting MS. Actual disability did not correlate with the given priorities indicating that experienced deficits do not influence the subjective ratings of bodily functions. These results underline that ambulation-focused scales in MS represent a key dimension from the patient perspective. Visual functioning should be taken more into account.
468 citations
Authors
Showing all 46072 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Rudolf Jaenisch | 206 | 606 | 178436 |
Bruce M. Psaty | 181 | 1205 | 138244 |
Stefan Schreiber | 178 | 1233 | 138528 |
Chris Sander | 178 | 713 | 233287 |
Dennis J. Selkoe | 177 | 607 | 145825 |
Daniel R. Weinberger | 177 | 879 | 128450 |
Ramachandran S. Vasan | 172 | 1100 | 138108 |
Bradley Cox | 169 | 2150 | 156200 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
J. S. Lange | 160 | 2083 | 145919 |
Hannes Jung | 159 | 2069 | 125069 |
Andrew D. Hamilton | 151 | 1334 | 105439 |
Jongmin Lee | 150 | 2257 | 134772 |
Teresa Lenz | 150 | 1718 | 114725 |
Stefanie Dimmeler | 147 | 574 | 81658 |