Institution
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Education•Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States•
About: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a education organization based out in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 81393 authors who have published 185327 publications receiving 9948508 citations. The organization is also known as: University of North Carolina & North Carolina.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Health care, Cancer, Medicine
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Cologne1, Stanford University2, University of Ulsan3, Hanyang University4, Vancouver General Hospital5, University of Bonn6, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill7, University of Rostock8, Epigenomics AG9, University of Tsukuba10, University Hospital Heidelberg11, Heidelberg University12, Schiller International University13, University of Zurich14, Vanderbilt University15, University of Belgrade16, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre17, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza18, University of Liverpool19, University of Zagreb20, Charité21, Oslo University Hospital22, VU University Medical Center23, Uppsala University24, Haukeland University Hospital25, Max Planck Society26, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center27, French Institute of Health and Medical Research28
TL;DR: This first comprehensive study of somatic genome alterations in SCLC uncovers several key biological processes and identifies candidate therapeutic targets in this highly lethal form of cancer.
Abstract: We have sequenced the genomes of 110 small cell lung cancers (SCLC), one of the deadliest human cancers. In nearly all the tumours analysed we found bi-allelic inactivation of TP53 and RB1, sometimes by complex genomic rearrangements. Two tumours with wild-type RB1 had evidence of chromothripsis leading to overexpression of cyclin D1 (encoded by the CCND1 gene), revealing an alternative mechanism of Rb1 deregulation. Thus, loss of the tumour suppressors TP53 and RB1 is obligatory in SCLC. We discovered somatic genomic rearrangements of TP73 that create an oncogenic version of this gene, TP73Δex2/3. In rare cases, SCLC tumours exhibited kinase gene mutations, providing a possible therapeutic opportunity for individual patients. Finally, we observed inactivating mutations in NOTCH family genes in 25% of human SCLC. Accordingly, activation of Notch signalling in a pre-clinical SCLC mouse model strikingly reduced the number of tumours and extended the survival of the mutant mice. Furthermore, neuroendocrine gene expression was abrogated by Notch activity in SCLC cells. This first comprehensive study of somatic genome alterations in SCLC uncovers several key biological processes and identifies candidate therapeutic targets in this highly lethal form of cancer.
1,504 citations
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1,504 citations
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, University of Queensland2, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg3, Museum für Naturkunde4, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University5, University of the Sunshine Coast6, Aberystwyth University7, Edith Cowan University8, Technical University of Denmark9, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill10, Spanish National Research Council11, University of Western Australia12, University of California, Santa Barbara13, University of British Columbia14, University of Plymouth15, University of Texas at Austin16, National Marine Fisheries Service17
TL;DR: This article synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver.
Abstract: Research that combines all available studies of biological responses to regional and global climate change shows that 81–83% of all observations were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change These findings were replicated across taxa and oceanic basins Past meta-analyses of the response of marine organisms to climate change have examined a limited range of locations1,2, taxonomic groups2,3,4 and/or biological responses5,6 This has precluded a robust overview of the effect of climate change in the global ocean Here, we synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver Included were instances of marine taxa responding as expected, in a manner inconsistent with expectations, and taxa demonstrating no response From this database, 81–83% of all observations for distribution, phenology, community composition, abundance, demography and calcification across taxa and ocean basins were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change Of the species responding to climate change, rates of distribution shifts were, on average, consistent with those required to track ocean surface temperature changes Conversely, we did not find a relationship between regional shifts in spring phenology and the seasonality of temperature Rates of observed shifts in species’ distributions and phenology are comparable to, or greater, than those for terrestrial systems
1,504 citations
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01 Jan 1986TL;DR: This review focuses on cigarette smoking, weight control, contraception, alcohol abuse and exercise behaviors, and suggests strong relationships between self-efficacy and health behavior change and maintenance.
Abstract: The concept of self-efficacy is receiving increasing recognition as a predictor of health behavior change and maintenance. The purpose of this article is to facilitate a clearer understanding of both the concept and its relevance for health education research and practice. Self-efficacy is first defined and distinguished from other related concepts. Next, studies of the self-efficacy concept as it relates to health practices are examined. This review focuses on cigarette smoking, weight control, contraception, alcohol abuse and exercise behaviors. The studies reviewed suggest strong relationships between self-efficacy and health behavior change and maintenance. Experimental manipulations of self-efficacy suggest that efficacy can be enhanced and that this enhancement is related to subsequent health behavior change. The findings from these studies also suggest methods for modifying health practices. These methods diverge from many of the current, traditional methods for changing health practices. Recommend...
1,502 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a relativistic theory of two scalar fields, first discussed by Goldstone, was examined, in which as a result of spontaneous breakdown of $U(1)$ symmetry one of the scalar bosons is massless, in conformity with the Goldstone theorem.
Abstract: We examine a simple relativistic theory of two scalar fields, first discussed by Goldstone, in which as a result of spontaneous breakdown of $U(1)$ symmetry one of the scalar bosons is massless, in conformity with the Goldstone theorem. When the symmetry group of the Lagrangian is extended from global to local $U(1)$ transformations by the introduction of coupling with a vector gauge field, the Goldstone boson becomes the longitudinal state of a massive vector boson whose transverse states are the quanta of the transverse gauge field. A perturbative treatment of the model is developed in which the major features of these phenomena are present in zero order. Transition amplitudes for decay and scattering processes are evaluated in lowest order, and it is shown that they may be obtained more directly from an equivalent Lagrangian in which the original symmetry is no longer manifest. When the system is coupled to other systems in a $U(1)$ invariant Lagrangian, the other systems display an induced symmetry breakdown, associated with a partially conserved current which interacts with itself via the massive vector boson.
1,502 citations
Authors
Showing all 82249 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Salim Yusuf | 231 | 1439 | 252912 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Irving L. Weissman | 201 | 1141 | 172504 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Dennis W. Dickson | 191 | 1243 | 148488 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Peidong Yang | 183 | 562 | 144351 |
Patrick O. Brown | 183 | 755 | 200985 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Alan C. Evans | 183 | 866 | 134642 |
Anil K. Jain | 183 | 1016 | 192151 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Valentin Fuster | 179 | 1462 | 185164 |