Institution
University of Palermo
Education•Palermo, Italy•
About: University of Palermo is a education organization based out in Palermo, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 15621 authors who have published 40250 publications receiving 964384 citations. The organization is also known as: Università degli Studi di Palermo & Universita degli Studi di Palermo.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Context (language use), Catalysis
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, numerical simulations of the flow field in baffled mixing tanks, based on three alternative methods, are presented and discussed, where the impeller is not explicitly simulated, and its effects are modelled by imposing suitable, empirically derived, boundary conditions to the external flow.
284 citations
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Pasteur Institute1, New York State Department of Health2, Public Health Research Institute3, Leeds General Infirmary4, St George's Hospital5, International Trademark Association6, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention7, University of Surrey8, Universidade Federal de Pelotas9, Robert Koch Institute10, University of Palermo11, University of Florence12, University of Gothenburg13, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul14, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation15, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research16
TL;DR: To facilitate the analysis of hundreds of spoligotypes each made up of a binary succession of 43 bits of information, a number of major and minor visual rules were also defined to define 36 major clades (or families) of M. tuberculosis.
Abstract: The present update on the global distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotypes provides both the octal and binary descriptions of the spoligotypes for M. tuberculosis complex, including Mycobacterium bovis, from >90 countries (13,008 patterns grouped into 813 shared types containing 11,708 isolates and 1,300 orphan patterns). A number of potential indices were developed to summarize the information on the biogeographical specificity of a given shared type, as well as its geographical spreading (matching code and spreading index, respectively). To facilitate the analysis of hundreds of spoligotypes each made up of a binary succession of 43 bits of information, a number of major and minor visual rules were also defined. A total of six major rules (A to F) with the precise description of the extra missing spacers (minor rules) were used to define 36 major clades (or families) of M. tuberculosis. Some major clades identified were the East African-Indian (EAI) clade, the Beijing clade, the Haarlem clade, the Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) clade, the Central Asian (CAS) clade, a European clade of IS6110 low banders (X; highly prevalent in the United States and United Kingdom), and a widespread yet poorly defined clade (T). When the visual rules defined above were used for an automated labeling of the 813 shared types to define nine superfamilies of strains (Mycobacterium africanum, Beijing, M. bovis, EAI, CAS, T, Haarlem, X, and LAM), 96.9% of the shared types received a label, showing the potential for automated labeling of M. tuberculosis families in well-defined phylogeographical families. Intercontinental matches of shared types among eight continents and subcontinents (Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, and the Far East) are analyzed and discussed.
283 citations
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TL;DR: A review of recent advances in this field, including experimental and theoretical investigations of halogen behaviour in volcanic and related magmatic systems, including halogen abundances in the mantle and magmas on Earth, the effects of halogens on phase equilibria and melt viscosities, their partitioning between melt and fluid phase(s) upon decompression, cooling and crystallisation of magmas in the Earth's crust; and their final atmospheric release as volcanic gases are discussed in this article.
282 citations
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TL;DR: The results of a study of photocatalytic degradation of phenol using aqueous oxygenated TiO2 (anatase) suspensions in a batch Pyrex photoreactor are reported in this paper.
Abstract: The results of a study of photocatalytic degradation of phenol using aqueous oxygenated TiO2 (anatase) suspensions in a batch Pyrex photoreactor are reported The influence on the photodegradation rate of various parameters as pH, phenol and TiO2 content, oxygen partial pressure, anions present in the dispersions was investigated A complete oxidation of phenol was observed Intermediate compounds, catechol and quinone, were detected It was observed that the photodegradation also proceeded with sunlight radiation A mechanistic and kinetic model, which accounts for the results obtained, is given Likely reasons for inactivity of the rutile modification for this reaction are also given
282 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a multicenter, prospective observational study was conducted to ascertain the epidemiology and outcome of community-associated, health care-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults hospitalized in internal medicine wards.
Abstract: Background Traditionally, pneumonia has been classified as either community- or hospital-acquired. Although only limited data are available, health care-associated pneumonia has been recently proposed as a new category of respiratory infection. "Health care-associated pneumonia" refers to pneumonia in patients who have recently been hospitalized, had hemodialysis, or received intravenous chemotherapy or reside in a nursing home or long-term care facility. Objective To ascertain the epidemiology and outcome of community-acquired, health care-associated, and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Design Multicenter, prospective observational study. Setting 55 hospitals in Italy comprising 1941 beds. Patients 362 patients hospitalized with pneumonia during two 1-week surveillance periods. Measurements Cases of radiologically and clinically assessed pneumonia were classified as community-acquired, health care-associated, or hospital-acquired and rates were compared. Results Of the 362 patients, 61.6% had community-acquired pneumonia, 24.9% had health care-associated pneumonia, and 13.5% had hospital-acquired pneumonia. Patients with health care-associated pneumonia had higher mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than did those with community-acquired pneumonia (3.0 vs. 2.0), were more frequently malnourished (11.1% vs. 4.5%, and had more frequent bilateral (34.4% vs. 19.7%) and multilobar (27.8% vs. 21.5%) involvement on a chest radiograph. Patients with health care-associated pneumonia also had higher fatality rates (17.8% [CI, 10.6% to 24.9%] vs. 6.7% [CI, 2.9% to 10.5%]) and longer mean hospital stay (18.7 days [CI, 15.9 to 21.5 days] vs. 14.7 days [CI, 13.4 to 15.9 days]). Logistic regression analysis revealed that depression of consciousness (odds ratio [OR], 3.2 [CI, 1.06 to 9.8]), leukopenia (OR, 6.2 [CI, 1.01 to 37.6]), and receipt of empirical antibiotic therapy not recommended by international guidelines (OR, 6.4 [CI, 2.3 to 17.6]) were independently associated with increased intrahospital mortality. Limitations The number of patients with health care-associated pneumonia was relatively small. Microbiological investigations were not always homogeneous. The study included only patients with pneumonia that required hospitalization; results may not apply to patients treated as outpatients. Conclusion Health care-associated pneumonia should be considered a distinct subset of pneumonia associated with more severe disease, longer hospital stay, and higher mortality rates. Physicians should differentiate between patients with health care-associated pneumonia and those with community-acquired pneumonia and provide more appropriate initial antibiotic therapy.
281 citations
Authors
Showing all 15895 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robin M. Murray | 171 | 1539 | 116362 |
Frede Blaabjerg | 147 | 2161 | 112017 |
Jean Bousquet | 145 | 1288 | 96769 |
Zhanhu Guo | 128 | 886 | 53378 |
Jean Ballet | 115 | 263 | 46301 |
Antonio Facchetti | 111 | 602 | 51885 |
Michele Pagano | 97 | 306 | 42211 |
Frank Z. Stanczyk | 93 | 620 | 30244 |
Eleonora Troja | 91 | 271 | 30873 |
Francesco Sciortino | 90 | 536 | 28956 |
Zev Rosenwaks | 89 | 772 | 32039 |
Antonio Russo | 88 | 934 | 34563 |
Carlo Salvarani | 88 | 730 | 31699 |
Giuseppe Basso | 87 | 643 | 33320 |
Antonio Craxì | 86 | 659 | 39463 |