Institution
University of Palermo
Education•Palermo, Italy•
About: University of Palermo is a education organization based out in Palermo, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 15621 authors who have published 40250 publications receiving 964384 citations. The organization is also known as: Università degli Studi di Palermo & Universita degli Studi di Palermo.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Context (language use), Catalysis
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a pyrex fixed-bed continuous photoreactor irradiated by a medium pressure Hg lamp was used for performing photoreactivity experiments, and the main oxidation product was benzaldehyde but benzene, benzyl alcohol and traces of benzoic acid, phenol and unidentified compounds were also detected.
Abstract: Photo-oxidation of toluene has been carried out in gas–solid regime by using polycrystalline anatase TiO2 as the catalyst. The reacting gaseous mixture was toluene, air and water in various molar ratios. A pyrex fixed-bed continuous photoreactor irradiated by a medium pressure Hg lamp was used for performing the photoreactivity experiments. The main oxidation product was benzaldehyde but benzene, benzyl alcohol and traces of benzoic acid, phenol and unidentified compounds were also detected. The molar conversion to benzaldehyde with respect to the initial amount of toluene was ca. 20% in the best experimental conditions. Benzene was produced only as a transient product during the first 3–4 h of irradiation. The dependence of feed composition and flow rate on the toluene fractional conversion was investigated. Selected experiments were performed by using N2 or CO2 instead of air. The presence of oxygen was essential for the occurrence of the photoreaction while water played an important role in order to maintain the catalyst activity. Moreover, a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) investigation was carried out simulating the experimental conditions used during the photoreactivity experiments. The results indicated that toluene is weakly stabilised on the hydrated TiO2 particles by hydrogen-bonding with surface hydroxyl groups, and that it is photo-oxidised to benzaldehyde only in the presence of surface OH groups.
272 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown here that transgenic mice overexpressing PGC-1 α in dopaminergic neurons are resistant against cell degeneration induced by the neurotoxin MPTP, and RSV and other compounds acting via SIRT1/PGC-1α may prove useful as neuroprotective agents in PD and possibly in other neurological disorders.
Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress occur in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling these events. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that is a master regulator of oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism. We show here that transgenic mice overexpressing PGC-1α in dopaminergic neurons are resistant against cell degeneration induced by the neurotoxin MPTP. The increase in neuronal viability was accompanied by elevated levels of mitochondrial antioxidants SOD2 and Trx2 in the substantia nigra of transgenic mice. PGC-1α overexpression also protected against MPTP-induced striatal loss of dopamine, and mitochondria from PGC-1α transgenic mice showed an increased respiratory control ratio compared with wild-type animals. To modulate PGC-1α, we employed the small molecular compound, resveratrol (RSV) that protected dopaminergic neurons against the MPTP-induced cell degeneration almost to the same extent as after PGC-1α overexpression. As studied in vitro, RSV activated PGC-1α in dopaminergic SN4741 cells via the deacetylase SIRT1, and enhanced PGC-1α gene transcription with increases in SOD2 and Trx2. Taken together, the results reveal an important function of PGC-1α in dopaminergic neurons to combat oxidative stress and increase neuronal viability. RSV and other compounds acting via SIRT1/PGC-1α may prove useful as neuroprotective agents in PD and possibly in other neurological disorders.
272 citations
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TL;DR: This review article deals with the current status of knowledge on the production of haploids and DHs through pollen embryogenesis and, in particular, anther culture.
Abstract: Haploids are plants with a gametophytic chromosome number and doubled haploids are haploids that have undergone chromosome duplication. The production of haploids and doubled haploids (DHs) through gametic embryogenesis allows a single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents, shortening the time required to produce homozygous plants in comparison with the conventional breeding methods that employ several generations of selfing. The production of haploids and DHs provides a particularly attractive biotechnological tool, and the development of haploidy technology and protocols to produce homozygous plants has had a significant impact on agricultural systems. Nowadays, these biotechnologies represent an integral part of the breeding programmes of many agronomically important crops. There are several available methods to obtain haploids and DHs, of which in vitro anther or isolated microspore culture are the most effective and widely used. This review article deals with the current status of knowledge on the production of haploids and DHs through pollen embryogenesis and, in particular, anther culture.
271 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the concentrations and fluxes of major, minor and trace metals were determined in 53 samples of groundwaters from around Mt Etna, in order to evaluate the conditions and extent of alkali basalt weathering by waters enriched in magma-derived CO 2 and the contribution of aqueous transport to the overall metal discharge.
271 citations
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TL;DR: The results suggest that the measurement of peroxidation products, matched with evaluation of antioxidants, may be a simple measure of iron toxicity in thalessemia, in addition to the conventional indices of iron status.
270 citations
Authors
Showing all 15895 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Robin M. Murray | 171 | 1539 | 116362 |
Frede Blaabjerg | 147 | 2161 | 112017 |
Jean Bousquet | 145 | 1288 | 96769 |
Zhanhu Guo | 128 | 886 | 53378 |
Jean Ballet | 115 | 263 | 46301 |
Antonio Facchetti | 111 | 602 | 51885 |
Michele Pagano | 97 | 306 | 42211 |
Frank Z. Stanczyk | 93 | 620 | 30244 |
Eleonora Troja | 91 | 271 | 30873 |
Francesco Sciortino | 90 | 536 | 28956 |
Zev Rosenwaks | 89 | 772 | 32039 |
Antonio Russo | 88 | 934 | 34563 |
Carlo Salvarani | 88 | 730 | 31699 |
Giuseppe Basso | 87 | 643 | 33320 |
Antonio Craxì | 86 | 659 | 39463 |