Showing papers in "Developmental Biology in 2009"

TL;DR: A more comprehensive review of all aspects of pancreatic development is presented, though still there is not a room for Discussion of stem cell differentiation to pancreas, nor for discussion of post-natal regeneration phenomena, two important fields closely related to Pancreatic development.

TL;DR: RNAi experiments in combination with JHM treatment demonstrated that in the larval stage TcKr-h1 works downstream of the putative JH receptor Methoprene-tolerant (TcMet), and in the pupal stage it works downstreamof TcMet and upstream of the pupale specifier broad (T cbr).

TL;DR: Wnt genes and beta-catenin signaling are involved in axial patterning processes in vertebrate embryogenesis in setting up the Spemann-Mangold organizer in amphibian embryos.

TL;DR: The cell types and neural tracts of the adult zebrafish cerebellum are described using molecular markers and transgenic lines and it is found that the cerebellar-like structures in the optic tectum and antero-dorsal hindbrain show similar Parvalbumin7 and Vglut1 expression profiles as the Cerebellum.

TL;DR: The authors found that when students answer an in-class conceptual question individually using clickers, discuss it with their neighbors, and then revote on the same question, the percentage of correct answers typically increases.

TL;DR: The history of the heart field, the discovery and continuing elucidation of the secondarily adding myocardial cells, and how the different populations identified in 2001 are related to the more recent lineage tracing studies are detailed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that both nephron patterning and patency are evident at the late renal vesicle stage and these cells are derived from the cap mesenchyme and not the ureteric epithelium, indicating differential developmental programs of the proximal and distal populations.

TL;DR: It is shown that tissue-specific inactivation of beta-catenin, a central component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, in the developing tooth mesenchyme caused tooth developmental arrest at the bud stage in mice and indicates that activation of the mesenchymal odontogenic program during early tooth development requires concerted actions of Bmp, Fgf andWnt signaling from the presumptive dental epithelium to the meschyme.

TL;DR: It is suggested that STAT3, a known ES cell regulator, is one target mRNA responsible for the effects of these miRNAs on cellular differentiation, and regulated STAT3 mRNA in vitro is suggested.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Shox2 plays an essential role in the SAN and pacemaker development by controlling a genetic cascade through the repression of Nkx2-5 in the developing heart, leading to a reduced cardiac field and aberrant heart formation.

TL;DR: Two MYBs are identified, AtMYB5 and TT2, as partially redundant in regulating this outer seed coat developmental process with MYB5 having the major role and MyB5 has weak pleiotropic control over trichome development and tannin production.

TL;DR: Case studies reveal that although multiple genetic paths were often possible to evolve a morphological trait, similar evolutionary trajectories have been followed repeatedly in independent lineages, suggesting that biases influence the course of genetic evolution.

TL;DR: It is shown that selective ablation of Dicer in Sertoli cells leads to infertility due to complete absence of spermatozoa and progressive testicular degeneration, and novel essential roles played by the Dicer-dependent pathway in mammalian reproductive function are revealed.

TL;DR: The detailed characterization of undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes is reported based on their gene expression profiles in combination with topological features and it is proposed that the first of these groups is most likely to include the stem cell population and that Nanos3 may function in transit amplifying cells.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of sonic hedgehog (shh) in increasing oral-pharyngeal constructive traits (jaws and taste buds) at the expense of eyes in the blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus was addressed.

TL;DR: It is shown that essentially all adult satellite cells associated with limb and body wall musculature, as well as the diaphragm and extraocular muscles, originate from MyoD+ progenitors, a marker of myogenic commitment.

TL;DR: Deletion of Atoh1 from the skin lineage resulted in loss of Merkel cells from all regions of the skin, while deletion from the neural crest lineage had no effect on this cell population and mammalian Merkel cells are derived from theskin lineage.

TL;DR: It is revealed that migration of endothelial cells is required for testis cord formation, consistent with increasing evidence of a broader role for endothelium cells in establishing tissue architecture during organogenesis.

TL;DR: A genetic interaction between Gata6 and Tbx5 with an incompletely penetrant phenotype of neonatal lethality and thin myocardium is demonstrated, highlighting the unique genetic interactions of Gata4 and Gata 6 with TbX5 for normal cardiac morphogenesis in vivo.

TL;DR: A hitherto unappreciated complexity of cell states that accompany the assembly of the metanephric kidney are suggested, likely reflecting diverse regulatory actions such as the maintenance and induction of nephron progenitors.

TL;DR: Dynamics of ICM cells from the early to late blastocyst stage are tracked and characterised, and computer modelling suggests that PE formation involves both cell sorting movements and position-dependent induction.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the mir-17 family of miRNA modulates FGF10-FGFR2b downstream signaling by specifically targeting Stat3 and Mapk14, hence regulating E-Cadherin expression, which in turn modulates epithelial bud morphogenesis in response to FGF 10 signaling.

TL;DR: An essential role of Hh signaling in swimbladder development is demonstrated and time-specific Hh inhibition by cyclopamine revealed different requirements of HH signaling in the formation and organization of all three tissue layers of Swimbladder.

TL;DR: Performed in anthozoan and medusozoan species, these studies should tell us more about the way(s) evolution achieved the transition from epithelial to neuronal cell fate, and about the robustness of the genetic circuitry that allowed neuromuscular transmission to arise and be maintained across evolution.

TL;DR: These findings provide the first quantitative cytomechanical data that confirm the important role of the mechanical properties of the cell wall for local cellular growth processes and are consistent with a conceptual model that explains pollen tube oscillatory growth based on the relationship between turgor pressure and tensile resistance in the apical cell wall.

TL;DR: The network of HERS cells is crucial for tooth root development and interacts with cranial neural crest derived mesenchyme to guide root development.

TL;DR: It is shown that testis cord differentiation is independent of Sox9, and that concerted Sox9 and Sox8 function in post E14.0 Sertoli cells is essential for the maintenance of testicular function.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Wnt5a, a member of the Wnt family of secreted proteins, is essential for the development and elongation of the small intestine from the midgut region, and was dramatically shortened and duplicated in mice lacking this protein.

TL;DR: For the first time, BTB dynamics are regulated by TGF-beta3 and TNFalpha via an enhancement of protein endocytosis at the BTB via the p38 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway.

TL;DR: Results indicate that phosphorylation of Gli 2 by PKA induces Gli2 processing and destabilization in vivo and plays an important role in the Hh-regulated mouse embryonic patterning.