Showing papers in "Experimental Neurology in 2006"

TL;DR: The existence of MSC subpopulations that co-express neurotrophins and other potent neuro-regulatory molecules, which contribute to MSC-induced effects on neuronal cell survival and nerve regeneration, may represent more potent vectors for treating a variety of neurological disorders.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that rosiglitazone attenuates learning and memory deficits in Tg2576 mice and suggested that the effects of the drug on learning andMemory, brain IDE levels, and brain Abeta42 levels in the mice may be due to its glucocorticoid-lowering actions.

TL;DR: Transplantation of human neural stem cell line CTX0E03 in a rat model of stroke (MCAo) caused statistically significant improvements in both sensorimotor function and gross motor asymmetry at 6-12 weeks post-grafting, and indicates that the cell line has the appropriate biological and manufacturing characteristics necessary for development as a therapeutic cell line.

TL;DR: Experimental painful peripheral neuropathies produced by the chemotherapeutic drugs, paclitaxel and vincristine, are produced by relatively low doses that do not cause axonal degeneration in peripheral nerve, and activation of cutaneous LCs suggests possible neuroimmune interactions that might also have a role.

TL;DR: This study shows for the first time that STN DBS attenuates the power in the prominent beta band recorded in the STN of patients with PD, raising the interesting possibility of using this biomarker for closed loop DBS or neuromodulation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the capacity of the powerful antioxidant curry spice curcumin ingested in the diet to counteract the oxidative damage encountered in the injured brain by interacting with molecular mechanisms that maintain synaptic plasticity and cognition.

TL;DR: Findings support the hypothesis that BMAA may contribute to the selective MN loss in ALS/PDC and indicate that cycad seed extracts triggered preferential AMPA/kainate-receptor-dependent MN injury, consistent with the idea that BM AA is a crucial toxic component in this plant.

TL;DR: Interestingly, MCAO-induced spleen size reduction correlated with the extent of ischemic damage, however, HUCBC treatment rescued the spleen weight, splenic CD8+ T-cell counts, as well as the amount of brain injury.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that highly purified hTERT-MSCs reduce cerebral infarction volume and improve functional outcome and the magnitude of the reduction and functional improvement was positively correlated with the number of cells injected.

TL;DR: The concentration of GDNF around the catheter tip and limited diffusion into surrounding brain parenchyma support the hypothesis that drug bioavailability was limited to a small portion of the human putamen in the clinical trial using this catheter and infusion protocol.

TL;DR: It is concluded that both Zn2+ and glutamate signaling occur in excitotoxicity, perhaps by two (or more) different release mechanisms.

TL;DR: The presence of ICAM-1-positive reactive astrocytes in Parkinson disease and MPTP-treated monkeys is indicative of a sustained inflammatory process and suggests that antiinflammatory agents may have a place in PD therapy.

TL;DR: The results can be taken to show that the expression of AQP4 protein after TBI is time-dependent, region-specific, and possibly implicated in the formation and resolution of TBI-induced cerebral edema.

TL;DR: The data suggest that increased TRPA1 in uninjured primary afferent neurons may contribute to the exaggerated response to cold observed in the neuropathic pain model.

TL;DR: Functional physiological localization of STN by the on-line spectral analysis of LFPs is quick to perform and may provide information directly relevant to the position of the electrode contact actually used for DBS.

TL;DR: Hydrogel release properties were established in vitro to ensure long-term, sustained NT-3 release over a 2-week period; this avoided the need for multiple injections or minipump implantation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that suboptimal search strategy use in addition to effects on spatial learning and memory underlies the impaired performance of PDAPP mice and further deterioration following TBI.

TL;DR: The combined cortical and striatal ET-1 produced a high success rate and consequently the cerebral blood flow (CBF), the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes for this model were examined.

TL;DR: Activation of intracellular signaling cascades traditionally associated with long-term potentiation and memory is associated with the expression of chronic CNP following SCI, and activated kinases such as pERK 1/2, p-p38 MAPK, but not pJNK, are upregulated in injured rats that develop CNP as compared to injured Rats that fail to developed CNP.

TL;DR: Findings show that Mn-exposed non-human primates that exhibit subtle motor function deficits have an apparently intact but dysfunctional nigrostriatal DA system and provide a novel mechanism of Mn effects on the dopaminergic system.

TL;DR: The effects of unilateral controlled cortical impact on neurogenic cell populations in the SGZ in 2-month-old male C57BL6 mice are assessed and it is demonstrated that TBI alters both neurogenesis and gliogenesis.

TL;DR: The feasibility of taking a fundamental biological response to injury and augmenting it for repair purposes is suggested and the potential use of migratory NSCs in some degenerative conditions for simultaneous combined gene therapy and cell replacement during the same procedure in the same recipient using the same cell (a unique property of cells with stem-like attributes).

TL;DR: It is suggested that the beneficial effect of transplanted NPCs in chronic EAE is mediated, in part, by decreasing brain inflammation and reducing tissue injury.

TL;DR: It is concluded that activation of A1 receptors by ambient adenosine is crucial in keeping epileptic foci localized and further demonstrate its importance in preventing the progression of status epilepticus to lethal consequences.

TL;DR: Human fetal neural stem cell grafts improved cognitive function of rats with acute TBI and expressed and released GNDF in vivo, which may help protect host cells from secondary damage and aid host regeneration.

TL;DR: Evidence is supported that neurotransmitters play a crucial role in determining survival and differentiation of newly generated neurons in the olfactory bulb layers and that loss of dopaminergic input to the SVZ led to a distinct cell fate decision towards stimulation of dopamine neurogenesis in the Olfactory bulbs.

TL;DR: It is suggested that pre-existing neuroinflammation prolongs the inflammatory response that occurs with a second toxic exposure, which may be responsible for progressive DA neuron loss in Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: In this paper, a 21-nucleotide sequence in the coding region of human α-synuclein was identified as an effective target for robust silencing by vector-based RNA interference.

TL;DR: Cortical neurogenesis may play a significant role in repairing neuronal losses after neonatal injury and is enhanced by chronic perinatal hypoxia.

TL;DR: The data suggest that excessive cholesterol content in neurons, following long-term dietary cholesterol, may underlie the increase in BACE1 and Abeta levels, which may in turn trigger the phosphorylation of tau by activating ERK.