Showing papers in "Polymer Degradation and Stability in 2014"

TL;DR: The structural characteristics of Chinese fir and maple lignin were identified by elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry by means of thermogravimetric-Fourier transform IR spectrometers as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the properties of nanocomposite films based on poly(lactic acid)-poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PLA-PHB) blends and synthesized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) or surfactant modified CNCs, as bio-based reinforcement, were prepared by melt extrusion followed by film forming.

TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art on the novel and emerging techniques recently developed in the textile field for conferring flame retardant properties to natural and synthetic fibres is reviewed, and a comprehensive description of the results achieved by depositing (nano)coatings on the fabric surface through nanoparticle adsorption, layer by layer assembly, solgel and dual-cure processes, or plasma deposition is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, commercial alkali lignin (CL) and Lignin extracted from almond shells by organosolv process (OL) were used for the preparation of blends with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with different percentages (0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 20%) by extrusion method.

TL;DR: In this article, phosphorus and sulphur-rich proteins (i.e., caseins and hydrophobins) have been homogeneously deposited on cotton fabrics starting from protein aqueous suspensions/solutions.

TL;DR: A.P. Arrieta as mentioned in this paper thanks Generalitat Valenciana for Santiago Grisolia Fellowship (2011/007) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness by financial support.

TL;DR: In this article, a baseline on degradation mechanism and degradation kinetics for lifetime prediction of polylactide (PLA) in a marine environment was established, where samples were immersed in distilled water for six months at different temperatures (25, 30, 40 and 50°C).

TL;DR: In this article, a novel flame retardant TGIC-DOPO, which was constructed by phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups, was synthesized via a controllable ring-opening addition reaction between 1,3,5-triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10phosphaphenantrene-10oxide (DOP).

TL;DR: In-situ compatibilized poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) blends are prepared by using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a free radical initiator.

TL;DR: In this paper, ammonium polyphosphate (form I APP) was modified via ion exchange reaction with ethylenediamine, and the resulting modified ammoniumpolyphosphates (MAPP) was used alone to prepare intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) polypropylene (PP) via melt blending.

TL;DR: A series of flame-retarded epoxy resins (EPs) have been prepared loaded with PEPA (1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl), APP (Ammonium polyphosphate), and DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10oxide), respectively with or without OPS (Octaphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane).

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of zinc borate (ZnB), boric acid (BA) and boric oxide (B2O3) on the flame retardant and thermal stability properties of epoxy resin containing red phosphorus (RP) was investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 standard, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mass loss calorimeter, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflectance.

TL;DR: In this article, two novel flame retardants based on bridged 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10oxide (DOPO) were developed and evaluated as flame retardant (FR) additives in polyamide 6 (PA6) engineering plastics.

TL;DR: In this article, an aryl boron-containing phenolic resin (PR) exhibiting an extremely high thermal decomposition temperature and char yield was formed by reacting phenylboronic acid (PBA) with PR.

TL;DR: In this article, two halogen-free flame retardants (DP-DDE and DP-DDS) were synthesized via a one-pot procedure based on the Pudovik reactions between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and imines directly resulting from the condensation reactions of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with two typical curing agents, 4,4′-oxydianiline (DDE) and 4

TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of a commercial grade of PLA in the molten state was studied through the analysis of the rheological properties as a function of time and drying conditions, in particular, measurements of the complex viscosity were taken during time at a frequency of 1.rad/s in the temperature range at which the polymer is usually processed (from 180°C to 220°C) on samples stored at ambient humidity and on samples subjected to drying.

TL;DR: In this article, the UL94 flame tests and cone calorimetry were used to evaluate the fire performance of wood-plastic composites, and the results proved that the addition of 10-wt% ammonium polyphosphate (APP) led to enhanced self-extinguishing properties.

TL;DR: In this article, the ReaxFF molecular dynamics was applied in simulating the pyrolysis of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) model system with 7216 atoms.

TL;DR: In this article, a halogen-free flame retardant epoxy resin was prepared consisting of DOPO-based glycidyl ether of cresol formaldehyde novolac and diglycidyl acid of bisphenol.

TL;DR: In this article, a cyclotriphosphazene-based epoxy compound (PN-EPC) was synthesized via a two-step synthetic route, and the chemical structures and compositions of the epoxy precursor and the final product were characterized by 1 H, 13 C, and 31 P NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, mass spectrography, and elemental analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, thermal properties of polypropylene/biomass composites were investigated under dynamic conditions of heating, and the main gaseous products obtained from the thermal degradation were H 2 O, CO 2, CO, formaldehyde, methanol, acetic acid, formic acid, and methane.

TL;DR: In this article, the cyclotriphosphazene-based epoxy resin hexa-[4-(glycidyloxycarbonyl) phenoxy]cyclotriaphosphazenes defined as CTP-EP was successfully synthesized from hexachlorocyclotrithmic acid, p -hydroxybenzaldehyde and epichlorohydrin.

TL;DR: In this article, a new synthesized multifunctional additive system was proposed to reduce the flammability of the prepared biocomposites by a newly synthesized additive system, which consisted of PLA/TPS biopolymer matrices reinforced with flax fibres.

TL;DR: A novel oligomeric charring agent (PTCA) containing triazine and diphenyl group was synthesized by cyanuric trichloride, diphenylamine and ethylenediamine through nucleophilic reaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of zirconium silicate as a fire retardant reinforcement in the mixture of expandable graphite (EG), ammonium poly phosphate (APP), melamine, boric acid, bisphenol A epoxy resin BE-188(BPA) and ACR Hardener H-2310 polyamide amine are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a whey protein-based coating was applied on a biodegradable commercial film certified to meet the requirements of EN13432 to improve the oxygen barrier properties of commercial compostable plastic film.

TL;DR: In this article, a polysiloxane shell (Si-APP) was used to improve the water resistance of polypropylene (PP) and charring agent (CA), and the resulting Si-APP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, transmission electron micrographs (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, a melamine and cardanol-derived Mannich base polyol (MCMP) was synthesized via a two-step process, where cardanol was allowed to react with paraformaldehyde melamines and diethanolamine to yield mixed Mannich bases which were subsequently propoxylated to give the MCMP.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of temperature, time, ethylene glycol (EG) amount, PET amount and catalyst dosage on the glycolysis reaction were examined under the optimal conditions of 1.0 g of catalyst with 20 g of EG in the presence of 3.0g of PET at 190°C after 3h of glycolyses.

TL;DR: In this paper, the utilization of phosphorylated polyols, derived from vegetable oils, in the formulation of rigid polyurethane foams and their property as flame-retardants was investigated.