Showing papers in "The American Journal of Gastroenterology in 2019"

TL;DR: These guidelines indicate the preferred approach to the management of adults with UC and represent the official practice recommendations of the American College of Gastroenterology.

TL;DR: Antidepressants are efficacious in reducing symptoms in IBS patients and psychological therapies also appear to be effective treatments for IBS, although there are limitations in the quality of the evidence, and treatment effects may be overestimated as a result.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors conducted a population-based study to assess the relationship between urbanization and incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Asia-Pacific region.

TL;DR: It appears that the relative weight given to different therapeutic targets in the development and improvement of UC treatments could be optimized, with an increased emphasis on endoscopic and histological targets over clinical or symptomatic targets.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors systematically summarize the risk relationship between different levels of alcohol consumption and incidence of liver cirrhosis and identify case-control and cohort studies with sex-specific results and more than 2 categories.

TL;DR: This is the first study to demonstrate that FMT in PSC is safe, and increases in bacterial diversity and engraftment may correlate with an improvement in ALP among patients with PSC.

TL;DR: Current evidence from RCTs does not suggest a benefit of FMT for global IBS symptoms and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation quality of the body of evidence was very low.

TL;DR: Serum ferritin of <1,000 ng/mL at diagnosis remains an important diagnostic test to identify patients with a low risk of advanced hepatic fibrosis and should be used routinely as part of the initial diagnostic evaluation.

TL;DR: In a cohort of patients with predominantly idiopathic gastroparesis, 4 weeks of prucalopride treatment significantly improved symptoms and quality of life and enhanced gastric emptying compared with placebo.

TL;DR: Disease activity and QoL, although improved in all participants, were not improved further through use of the TELE-IBD system and research is needed to determine if TEle- IBD can be improved through patient engagement and whether it can decrease healthcare utilization by replacing standard care.

TL;DR: Anticoagulant treatment is a safe and effective treatment leading to partial or complete recanalization of the portal venous system in 56.8% of cases, improving the survival of patients with cirrhosis and PVT.

TL;DR: The recent developments in healthcare-based AI and machine learning are overviewed and promises and pitfalls for its application to gastroenterology are described.

TL;DR: Increasing trend in young-onset CRC is not limited to the Western world and may have implications on screening program for CRC in these countries/regions.

TL;DR: B. longum 1714™ modulated resting neural activity that correlated with enhanced vitality and reduced mental fatigue, which may be involved in the activation of brain coping centers to counter-regulate negative emotions.

TL;DR: Alterations in proportions of gut-homing T lymphocytes in both FD and IBS indicate that a loss of mucosal homeostasis may drive the symptoms of FD andIBS.

TL;DR: A panel of experts was organized to evaluate and summarize the most current and relevant peer-reviewed literature regarding PBC to form clinical guidance on the diagnosis and management of PBC.

TL;DR: In a large cohort of young and middle-aged men and women, current smoking, pack-years, and urinary cotinine levels were positively associated with the risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, suggesting that smoking contributes to the development of NAFLD.

TL;DR: In this cohort, EG, EGE, and EC were diagnosed more frequently over time, and inflammation of GI segments outside the primary disease site co-occurrence of atopy was common with a lack of male predominance.

TL;DR: Modified dual therapy at high dose and administration frequency is equally effective and safer and less costly compared with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.

TL;DR: From the current evidence, prokinetics may be effective for the treatment of functional dyspepsia in all subtypes of FD, with very low quality of evidence.

TL;DR: Baveno-VI criteria can be applied in patients with cACLD due to ChLDs, which would result in saving 30–40% of EGDs, and expanded criteria in PBC would lead to FNRs >5%.

TL;DR: Individuals with PPDM have higher risk of mortality and hospitalization compared with individuals with T2DM, and guidelines for management of P PDM need to be developed with a view to preventing excess deaths and hospitalizations.

TL;DR: Surveillance of the vast majority of presumed BD-IPMNs is safe, as the risk of PC is comparable to postoperative mortality of pancreatic surgery, and a growth rate ≥2.5 mm/yr is the main predictor of PC, reinforcing the role of repeated observations.

TL;DR: Clinically significant histological phenotypes are observed in patients with NAFLD and normal aminotransferase levels and multiple logistic regression models with Akaike's Information Criteria can assist the clinicians in excluding advanced liver histology inNAFLD patients with normal am inotransFERase levels.

TL;DR: Risk stratification was possible based on endoscopic examination alone and the interval should be set according to the risk, depending on each case.

TL;DR: Gut microbiome studies in several IMIDs are discussed and it is shown how these studies can inform the understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease.

TL;DR: In this large cohort of young and middle-aged individuals, NAFLD and AFLD with intermediate to high fibrosis scores were associated with an increased risk of liver-related mortality in a dose-dependent manner, especially among nonobese individuals.

TL;DR: The current state of IGBs available worldwide are summarized, their mechanism of action is discussed, evidence for their short- and long-term efficacy, address safety profile concerns, and suggest procedural considerations in the real-world quotidian application are suggested.

TL;DR: Clinicians are recommended to recognize the heterogeneous features of RS when considering diagnosis, assess for RS symptoms by clinical history, and treat RS with targeted diaphragmatic breathing while using other methods as augmented intervention or alternative treatment.

TL;DR: OIED is more prevalent in patients taking oxycodone or hydrocodone compared with tramadol, and there is greater likelihood of OIED developing with higher doses.