Open AccessJournal Article
A Critical Role for IL-13 in Resistance to Intestinal Nematode Infection
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TLDR
The results confirm the importance of IL-4 in resistance to T. muris and provide the first demonstration of an important role for IL-13 in Resistance to helminth infection.Abstract:
Mice in which either the IL-4 or the IL-13 gene has been disrupted (IL-4 KO and IL-13 KO) were susceptible to infection with the intestinal nematode Trichuris muris, whereas their wild-type littermates were highly resistant and expelled the parasite. IL-4 KO mice showed diminished Th2-type responses with T. muris infection and also failed to produce parasite-specific IgG1 Abs. Although IL-13 KO mice made reduced Th2-type responses early in infection, they were capable of generating strong Th2-type responses at later time points and were unable to regulate the magnitude of their Ab isotype response. These results confirm the importance of IL-4 in resistance to T. muris and provide the first demonstration of an important role for IL-13 in resistance to helminth infection. The IL-13 KO mouse had a separate phenotype to that of the IL-4 KO mouse, suggesting that both IL-4 and IL-13 play important yet different roles in mediating immunity to intestinal helminths.read more
Citations
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Requirement for IL-13 Independently of IL-4 in Experimental Asthma
Gabriele Grünig,Martha L. Warnock,Adil E. Wakil,Rajeev Venkayya,Frank Brombacher,Donna M. Rennick,Dean Sheppard,Markus Mohrs,Debra D. Donaldson,Richard M. Locksley,David B. Corry +10 more
TL;DR: This article showed that IL-4 receptor α chain-dependent pathway may underlie the genetic associations of asthma with both the human 5q31 locus and the IL4 receptor and showed that selective neutralization of IL-13, a cytokine related to interleukin-4 that also binds to the α chain of the IL 4 receptor, ameliorated asthma phenotype.
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Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system
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IL-13 Effector Functions*
TL;DR: IL-13 was revealed as a potent mediator of tissue fibrosis in both schistosomiasis and asthma, which indicates that it is a key regulator of the extracellular matrix.
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Type 1/Type 2 Immunity in Infectious Diseases
Brad Spellberg,John E. Edwards +1 more
TL;DR: T helper type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes secrete secrete interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-gamma, and lymphotoxin-alpha and stimulate type 1 immunity, which is characterized by intense phagocytic activity.
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NKT cell–mediated repression of tumor immunosurveillance by IL-13 and the IL-4R–STAT6 pathway
Masaki Terabe,So Matsui,Nancy Noben-Trauth,Hangjiong Chen,Cynthia J. Watson,Debra D. Donaldson,David P. Carbone,William E. Paul,Jay A. Berzofsky +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms for down-regulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumor immunosurveillance using a mouse model in which tumors show a growth-regression-recurrence pattern.
References
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TL;DR: It is concluded that IL-4 is required for the generation of the Th2-derived cytokines and that immune responses dependent on these cytokines are impaired.
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Interleukin 13, an interleukin 4-like cytokine that acts on monocytes and B cells, but not on T cells
G Zurawski,Jan E. de Vries +1 more
TL;DR: The data shows that IL-13 shares biological activities with IL-4, their genes are closely linked in both the human and mouse genomes, and there is sequence homology between IL-11 and IL-12 proteins.