A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in the Mouse
Michelle L. Gottsch,Matthew Cunningham,Jeremy Troy Smith,Simina M. Popa,Blake V. Acohido,William F. Crowley,Stephanie B. Seminara,Donald K. Clifton,Robert A. Steiner +8 more
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TLDR
Kisspeptins are products of the KiSS-1 gene, which bind to a G protein-coupled receptor known as GPR54, and it is concluded that kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling may be part of the hypothalamus circuitry that governs the hypothalamic secretion of GnRH.Abstract:
Kisspeptins are products of the KiSS-1 gene, which bind to a G protein-coupled receptor known as GPR54. Mutations or targeted disruptions in the GPR54 gene cause hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in humans and mice, suggesting that kisspeptin signaling may be important for the regulation of gonadotropin secretion. To examine the effects of kisspeptin-54 (metastin) and kisspeptin-10 (the biologically active C-terminal decapeptide) on gonadotropin secretion in the mouse, we administered the kisspeptins directly into the lateral cerebral ventricle of the brain and demonstrated that both peptides stimulate LH secretion. Further characterization of kisspeptin-54 demonstrated that it stimulated both LH and FSH secretion, at doses as low as 1 fmol; moreover, this effect was shown to be blocked by pretreatment with acyline, a potent GnRH antagonist. To learn more about the functional anatomy of kisspeptins, we mapped the distribution of KiSS-1 mRNA in the hypothalamus. We observed that KiSS-1 mRNA is expressed in areas of the hypothalamus implicated in the neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion, including the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, the periventricular nucleus, and the arcuate nucleus. We conclude that kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling may be part of the hypothalamic circuitry that governs the hypothalamic secretion of GnRH.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual differentiation and the Kiss1 system: hormonal and developmental considerations.
TL;DR: Recent findings, in conjunction with accumulating evidence implicating kisspeptins as potent secretagogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), suggest that the sex-specific display of the LH surge (positive feedback) reflects sexual differentiation of AVPV Kiss1 neurons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual dimorphism of kisspeptin and neurokinin B immunoreactive neurons in the infundibular nucleus of aged men and women
Erik Hrabovszky,Csilla S. Molnár,Máté T. Sipos,Barbara Vida,Philippe Ciofi,Beáta Á. Borsay,Laszlo Sarkadi,László Herczeg,Stephen R. Bloom,Mohammad A. Ghatei,Waljit S. Dhillo,Imre Kalló,Imre Kalló,Zsolt Liposits,Zsolt Liposits +14 more
TL;DR: Overall, sex differences in reproductive physiology of aged humans were reflected in the dramatic sexual dimorphism of the KP system, with significantly higher incidences of KP-IR neurons, fibers and inputs to GnRH neurons in aged females vs. males.
Journal ArticleDOI
The excitatory peptide kisspeptin restores the luteinizing hormone surge and modulates amino acid neurotransmission in the medial preoptic area of middle-aged rats.
Genevieve Neal-Perry,Diane Lebesgue,Matthew A. Lederman,Jun Shu,Gail D. Zeevalk,Anne M. Etgen +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that middle-aged rats exhibiting delayed and attenuated LH surges have reduced levels of Kiss1 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus under estrogen-positive feedback conditions, and that kisspeptin regulates GnRH/LH release, in part, through modulation of mPOA glutamate and GABA release.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel Concepts for Inducing Final Oocyte Maturation in In Vitro Fertilization Treatment.
TL;DR: Experimental and clinical data are appraised on the efficacy and safety of the major hormonal approaches used to induce final oocyte maturation in clinical practice, as well as some novel approaches that may offer fresh alternatives in future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of kisspeptin-10 on the electrophysiological manifestation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator activity in the female rat.
TL;DR: It seem unlikely, therefore, that kisspeptin-10 has an appreciable frequency modulatory effect on GnRH pulse generator activity in the female rat.
References
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Book
The Physiology of Reproduction
Ernst Knobil,J. D. Neill +1 more
TL;DR: The gametes, fertilization and early embryogenesis the reproductive systems - the female, the male the pituitary and the hypothalmus, and the reproductive processes and their control.
Journal ArticleDOI
The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty
Stephanie B. Seminara,Sophie Messager,Emmanouella E. Chatzidaki,Rosemary R. Thresher,James S. Acierno,Jenna K. Shagoury,Yousef Bo-Abbas,Wendy Kuohung,Kristine M. Schwinof,Alan G. Hendrick,Dirk Zahn,John Dixon,Ursula B. Kaiser,Susan A. Slaugenhaupt,James F. Gusella,Stephen O'Rahilly,Mark Carlton,William F. Crowley,Samuel Aparicio,William H. Colledge +19 more
TL;DR: Puberty is initiated when gonadotropin-releasing hormone begins to be secreted by the hypothalamus, and complementary genetic approaches in humans and mice identified genetic factors that determine the onset of puberty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative distribution of estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta mRNA in the rat central nervous system.
TL;DR: Comparing the distribution of the classical and novel forms of ER mRNA‐expressing neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) of the rat with in situ hybridization histochemistry provides evidence that the region‐specific expression of ER‐α, ER‐β, or both may be important in determining the physiological responses of neuronal populations to estrogen action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54
Nicolas de Roux,Emmanuelle Génin,Jean Claude Carel,Fumihiko Matsuda,Chaussain Jl,Edwin Milgrom +5 more
TL;DR: The present study shows that loss of function of GPR54 is a cause of IHH, and it identifies GPR 54 and possibly KiSS1 protein-derived peptide as playing a major and previously unsuspected role in the physiology of the gonadotropic axis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution of androgen and estrogen receptor mRNA‐containing cells in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study
TL;DR: AR and ER may modulate nonolfactory sensory information as well since labeled cells were found in regions involved in the central relay of somatosensory information, including the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, the ventral thalamic nuclear group, and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
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