Book ChapterDOI
Air-Sea Gas Exchange Rates: Introduction and Synthesis
Peter S. Liss,Liliane Merlivat +1 more
- pp 113-127
TLDR
In this article, the basic equations governing air-sea gas exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process is given, and experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarized.Abstract:
In this chapter we attempt to present a brief introduction to the subject of air-sea gas exchange First the basic equations governing such exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process Following this, experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarised Finally, we present what seems to us to be the best current synthesis of the wind tunnel and field results for the prediction of gas exchange rates across the sea surfaceread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Emission from international sea transportation and environmental impact
Øyvind Endresen,Eirik Sørgård,Jostein K. Sundet,S. B. Dalsøren,Ivar S. A. Isaksen,Tore F. Berglen,Gjermund Gravir +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a bottom-up approach combining ship-type specific engine emission modeling, oil cargo VOC vapor modeling, alternative global distribution methods, and ship operation data is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthropogenic climate change for 1860 to 2100 simulated with the HadCM3 model under updated emissions scenarios
T. C. Johns,Jonathan M. Gregory,William Ingram,Colin E. Johnson,A. K. Jones,Jason A. Lowe,John F. B. Mitchell,David L. Roberts,David M. H. Sexton,David Stevenson,Simon F. B. Tett,Margaret J. Woodage +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the anthropogenically forced climate response over the historical period, 1860 to present, and projected response to 2100, using updated emissions scenarios and an improved coupled model (HadCM3) that does not use flux adjustments.
Journal ArticleDOI
An updated climatology of surface dimethlysulfide concentrations and emission fluxes in the global ocean
Arancha Lana,Thomas G. Bell,Rafel Simó,Sergio M. Vallina,Joaquim Ballabrera-Poy,A. J. Kettle,Jordi Dachs,Laurent Bopp,Eric S. Saltzman,Jacqueline Stefels,James E. Johnson,Peter S. Liss +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new global monthly climatology of surface ocean DMS concentration and sea-to-air emission flux is presented as updates of those constructed 10 years ago, using interpolation/extrapolation techniques to project the discrete concentration data onto a first guess field based on Longhurst's biogeographic provinces.
Book
Atmospheric Sulfur Cycle Simulated in the Global Model Gocart: Model Description and Global Properties
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Georgia Tech/Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) model to simulate the atmospheric sulfur cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flux of dimethylsulfide from the oceans: A comparison of updated data sets and flux models
A. J. Kettle,Meinrat O. Andreae +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the fluxes of dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the global oceans are calculated using the parameterizations of Lisps and Merlivat [1986, Wanninkhof [1992, and Erickson [1993]; the wind fields of Trenberth et al. [1989], da Silva and Young [1994, and Gibson et al., and the maps of sea surface DMS concentration of Kettle et al [1999].
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gas exchange rates between air and sea
TL;DR: In this article, the average film thickness for the world ocean based on the distribution of natural radiocarbon, bomb-produced radioccarbon, and radon are in good agreement, and Radon data from the BOMEX area and from station PAPA lend support to Kanwisher's suggestion that gas exchange rates should vary in proportion to the square of the wind velocity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vollständige Darstellung der turbulenten Geschwindigkeitsverteilung in glatten Leitungen
TL;DR: From experimental investigations of turbulent exchange of momentum a formula is derived for the velocity of turbulent flow in tubes and pipes in this paper, which gives a complete representation of the velocity distribution, i. e. it holds good close to the wall as well as in the core of the flow.