Book ChapterDOI
Air-Sea Gas Exchange Rates: Introduction and Synthesis
Peter S. Liss,Liliane Merlivat +1 more
- pp 113-127
TLDR
In this article, the basic equations governing air-sea gas exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process is given, and experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarized.Abstract:
In this chapter we attempt to present a brief introduction to the subject of air-sea gas exchange First the basic equations governing such exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process Following this, experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarised Finally, we present what seems to us to be the best current synthesis of the wind tunnel and field results for the prediction of gas exchange rates across the sea surfaceread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of variability in wind speed on the calculated gas transfer velocities and the possibility of chemical enhancement of CO2 exchange at low wind speeds over the ocean is illustrated using a quadratic dependence of gas exchange on wind speed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A global model of natural volatile organic compound emissions
Alex Guenther,C. Nicholas Hewitt,David J. Erickson,Ray Fall,Chris Geron,Thomas E. Graedel,Peter Harley,Lee Klinger,Manuel T. Lerdau,W. A. Mckay,Tom Pierce,Bob Scholes,Rainer Steinbrecher,Raja Tallamraju,John Taylor,Patrick R. Zimmerman +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a global model to estimate emissions of volatile organic compounds from natural sources (NVOC), which has a highly resolved spatial grid and generates hourly average emission estimates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global oceans
Taro Takahashi,Stewart C Sutherland,Rik Wanninkhof,Colm Sweeney,Richard A. Feely,D.W. Chipman,Burke Hales,Gernot E. Friederich,Francisco P. Chavez,Christopher L. Sabine,Andrew J. Watson,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Ute Schuster,Nicolas Metzl,Hisayuki Yoshikawa-Inoue,Masao Ishii,Takashi Midorikawa,Yukihiro Nojiri,Arne Körtzinger,Tobias Steinhoff,Mario Hoppema,Jón Ólafsson,Thorarinn S. Arnarson,Bronte Tilbrook,Truls Johannessen,Are Olsen,Richard G. J. Bellerby,C. S. Wong,Bruno Delille,Nicholas R. Bates,Hein J W de Baar +30 more
TL;DR: In this article, a global mean distribution for surface water pCO2 over the global oceans in non-El Nino conditions has been constructed with spatial resolution of 4° (latitude) × 5° (longitude) for a reference year 2000 based upon about 3 million measurements of surface water PCO2 obtained from 1970 to 2007.
Journal ArticleDOI
The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean
Robert A. Duce,Peter S. Liss,John T. Merrill,Elliot Atlas,Patrick Buat-Ménard,B. B. Hicks,John M. Miller,Joseph M. Prospero,Richard Arimoto,Thomas M. Church,W. G. Ellis,James N. Galloway,LeRoy Hansen,Tim Jickells,Anthony H. Knap,K. H. Reinhardt,B. Schneider,A. Soudine,J. J. Tokos,S. Tsunogai,R. Wollast,M. Y. Zhou +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess current data in this area, develop global scale estimates of the atmospheric fluxes of trace elements, mineral aerosol, nitrogen species, and synthetic organic compounds to the ocean; and compare the atmospheric input rates of these substances to their input via rivers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO).
TL;DR: It is completely unclear how important microbial diversity is for the control of trace gas flux at the ecosystem level, and different microbial communities may be part of the reason for differences in trace gas metabolism, e.g., effects of nitrogen fertilizers on CH4 uptake by soil; decrease of CH4 production with decreasing temperature.
References
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BookDOI
Air-sea exchange of gases and particles
Peter S. Liss,W. George N. Slinn +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the role of the mixed layer in ocean dynamics and climate, and showed that it plays an important role in ocean surface and mixed layer processes. But they did not consider the effects of the surface layer on the overall mass transfer coefficient.
BookDOI
Gas transfer at water surfaces
TL;DR: The role of bubbles in gas transfer from water to air at higher wind speeds has been investigated in this article, where a simple model for bubble contribution to gas exchange has been proposed to estimate the contribution of bubbles to gas transfer across an air-water interface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gas exchange and CO2 flux in the tropical Atlantic Ocean determined from 222Rn and pCO2 measurements
TL;DR: In this paper, the piston velocity for the tropical Atlantic Ocean has been determined from 29 radon profiles measured during the TTO Tropical Atlantic Study (TAWS) by combining these data with the pCO2 data measured in the surface water and air samples, the net flux of CO2 across the sea-air interface has been calculated for tropical Atlantic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gas exchange across an air‐water interface: Experimental results and modeling of bubble contribution to transfer
Liliane Merlivat,Laurent Mémery +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical model is developed to compute the contribution of bubbles to gas exchange in a wind-water tunnel filled with fresh water or seawater, and the transfer velocity kB is shown to be independent of the concentration gradient.
Book ChapterDOI
Gas Transfer: Experiments and Geochemical Implications
TL;DR: The processes governing the transfer of gases across the air-sea interface have been reviewed by several authors (e.g. Bolin, 1960; Kanwisher, 1963; Broecker and Peng, 1974 Liss and Slater, 1976; Slinn et al.,l978) as mentioned in this paper.