Book ChapterDOI
Air-Sea Gas Exchange Rates: Introduction and Synthesis
Peter S. Liss,Liliane Merlivat +1 more
- pp 113-127
TLDR
In this article, the basic equations governing air-sea gas exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process is given, and experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarized.Abstract:
In this chapter we attempt to present a brief introduction to the subject of air-sea gas exchange First the basic equations governing such exchange are given, then a review of some models proposed to describe the gas transfer process Following this, experimental approaches through both laboratory (principally using wind/water tunnels) and field measurements are summarised Finally, we present what seems to us to be the best current synthesis of the wind tunnel and field results for the prediction of gas exchange rates across the sea surfaceread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Ocean's Vital Skin: Toward an Integrated Understanding of the Sea Surface Microlayer
Anja Engel,Hermann W. Bange,Michael Cunliffe,Susannah M. Burrows,Gernot Friedrichs,Luisa Galgani,Luisa Galgani,Hartmut Herrmann,Norbert Hertkorn,Martin Johnson,Peter S. Liss,Patricia K. Quinn,Markus Schartau,Alexander Soloviev,Christian Stolle,Christian Stolle,Robert C. Upstill-Goddard,Manuela van Pinxteren,Birthe Zäncker +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review identifies gaps in current knowledge of the sea surface microlayer (SML) and highlights a need to develop a holistic and mechanistic understanding of diverse biological, chemical, and physical processes occurring at the ocean-atmosphere interface.
Journal ArticleDOI
A global model of the coupled sulfur/oxidant chemistry in the troposphere: The sulfur cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the year 1996 is chosen as the standard, and a model run with 1996 meteorology and emissions is compared with 1996 observations, and the results agree well with observations overall, although the model tends to overestimate SO2 and underestimate sulfate in Northern Hemisphere winter owing to an oxidation limitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global evaluation of CCN formation by direct emission of sea salt and growth of ultrafine sea salt
Jeffrey R. Pierce,Peter Adams +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, four sea-salt emissions parameterizations were incorporated into the GISS II-prime general circulation model with the size-resolved aerosol microphysics module, TOMAS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of fugacity of CO2 in surface water using continuous and discrete sampling methods
Rik Wanninkhof,Kirk Thoning +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a non-dispersive infrared analyzer as detector to measure the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2 or pCO2) in surface seawater.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parameterization and Micrometeorological Measurement of Air–Sea Gas Transfer
TL;DR: In this article, the physical basis of a bulk-to-bulk gas transfer parameterization that is generalized for solubility and Schmidt number is reviewed and various aspects of recent sensor and technique developments used for direct measurements are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gas exchange rates between air and sea
TL;DR: In this article, the average film thickness for the world ocean based on the distribution of natural radiocarbon, bomb-produced radioccarbon, and radon are in good agreement, and Radon data from the BOMEX area and from station PAPA lend support to Kanwisher's suggestion that gas exchange rates should vary in proportion to the square of the wind velocity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vollständige Darstellung der turbulenten Geschwindigkeitsverteilung in glatten Leitungen
TL;DR: From experimental investigations of turbulent exchange of momentum a formula is derived for the velocity of turbulent flow in tubes and pipes in this paper, which gives a complete representation of the velocity distribution, i. e. it holds good close to the wall as well as in the core of the flow.