Biosensors based on nanomechanical systems
TLDR
This review provides insight into the mechanical phenomena that occur in suspended mechanical structures when either biological adsorption or interactions take place on their surface: mass, surface stress, effective Young's modulus and viscoelasticity.Abstract:
The advances in micro- and nanofabrication technologies enable the preparation of increasingly smaller mechanical transducers capable of detecting the forces, motion, mechanical properties and masses that emerge in biomolecular interactions and fundamental biological processes. Thus, biosensors based on nanomechanical systems have gained considerable relevance in the last decade. This review provides insight into the mechanical phenomena that occur in suspended mechanical structures when either biological adsorption or interactions take place on their surface. This review guides the reader through the parameters that change as a consequence of biomolecular adsorption: mass, surface stress, effective Young's modulus and viscoelasticity. The mathematical background needed to correctly interpret the output signals from nanomechanical biosensors is also outlined here. Other practical issues reviewed are the immobilization of biomolecular receptors on the surface of nanomechanical systems and methods to attain that in large arrays of sensors. We then describe some relevant realizations of biosensor devices based on nanomechanical systems that harness some of the mechanical effects cited above. We finally discuss the intrinsic detection limits of the devices and the limitation that arises from non-specific adsorption.read more
Citations
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Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Antigen from SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by a Multivalent Minibinder-Functionalized Nanomechanical Sensor
Dilip Agarwal,Andrew C. Hunt,Gajendra S. Shekhawat,Lauren Carter,Sidney Chan,K.-P. Wu,Longxing Cao,D. Baker,Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo,Egon A. Ozer,Lacy M Simons,Judd F. Hultquist,Michael C. Jewett,Vinayak P. Dravid +13 more
TL;DR: This work reports the development of a nanomechanical sensor based on the deflection of a microcantilever capable of detecting the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein antigen using computationally designed multivalent minibinders immobilized on a microCantilesver surface.
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Sensing Soluble Immune Checkpoint Molecules and Disease-Relevant Cytokines in Cancer: A Novel Paradigm in Disease Diagnosis and Monitoring
TL;DR: The recent advances made in the development of biosensors for specific and selective detection of these immune-markers that can be successfully translated to the clinics as a new paradigm in disease diagnosis and monitoring are discussed.
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Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Biosensors for Determination of Carbamate Pesticides
TL;DR: Enzymatic biosensors-based acetylcholinesterase offers a simple, rapid, high sensitivity and on-site monitoring for determination of carbamate pesticide concentrations, and the immobilization techniques and carbamate pesticides toxicity discussed are discussed.
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