Brain pericytes acquire a microglial phenotype after stroke
Ilknur Özen,Tomas Deierborg,Kenichi Miharada,Thomas Padel,Elisabet Englund,Guillem Genové,Gesine Paul,Gesine Paul +7 more
TLDR
The study indicates that the vasculature is a novel source of inflammatory cells with a microglial phenotype in brain ischemia and hence identifies pericytes as an important new target for the development of future stroke therapies.Abstract:
Pericytes are located on the abluminal side of endothelial cells lining the microvasculature in all organs. They have been identified as multipotent progenitor cells in several tissues of the body including the human brain. New evidence suggests that pericytes contribute to tissue repair, but their role in the injured brain is largely unknown. Here, we investigate the role of pericytes in ischemic stroke. Using a pericyte-reporter mouse model, we provide unique evidence that regulator of G-protein signaling 5 expressing cells are activated pericytes that leave the blood vessel wall, proliferate and give rise to microglial cells after ischemic brain injury. Consistently, we show that activated pericytes express microglial markers in human stroke brain tissue. We demonstrate that human brain-derived pericytes adopt a microglial phenotype and upregulate mRNA specific for activated microglial cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Our study indicates that the vasculature is a novel source of inflammatory cells with a microglial phenotype in brain ischemia and hence identifies pericytes as an important new target for the development of future stroke therapies.read more
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A lineage of myeloid cells independent of Myb and hematopoietic stem cells
Elisa Gomez Perdiguero,Christian Schulz,Laurent Chorro,Heather L. Szabo-Rogers,Nicolas Cagnard,Katrin Kierdorf,Marco Prinz,Bishan Wu,Jacobsen Sew.,Jeffrey W. Pollard,Jon Frampton,Karen J. Liu,Frederic Geissmann +12 more
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Neuroinflammation: friend and foe for ischemic stroke
TL;DR: How neuroinflammation has both beneficial as well as detrimental roles and recent therapeutic strategies to combat pathological responses are discussed and the time-dependent role of inflammatory factors could help in developing new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic neuroprotective strategies for post-stroke inflammation.
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Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke.
Xiaoyan Jiang,Xiaoyan Jiang,Anuska V. Andjelkovic,Ling Zhu,Tuo Yang,Michael V. L. Bennett,Michael V. L. Bennett,Jun Chen,Jun Chen,Richard F. Keep,Yejie Shi +10 more
TL;DR: With the development of novel research tools, future research on theBBB is likely to reveal promising potential therapeutic targets for protecting the BBB and improving patient outcome after ischemic stroke.
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Cerebral Vascular Disease and Neurovascular Injury in Ischemic Stroke
TL;DR: Identification of cell types, pathways, and molecules that control vascular changes before and after ischemia may result in novel approaches to slow the progression of cerebrovascular disease and lessen both the frequency and impact of ischemic events.
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Brain Pericytes As Mediators of Neuroinflammation
TL;DR: This review highlights the emerging role of pericytes in neuro inflammation and discusses pericyte-mediated neuroinflammation as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of a range of devastating brain disorders.
References
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Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages
Florent Ginhoux,Florent Ginhoux,Melanie Greter,Marylene Leboeuf,Sayan Nandi,Peter See,Solen Gokhan,Mark F. Mehler,Simon J. Conway,Lai Guan Ng,E. Richard Stanley,Igor M. Samokhvalov,Miriam Merad +12 more
TL;DR: Results identify microglia as an ontogenically distinct population in the mononuclear phagocyte system and have implications for the use of embryonically derived microglial progenitors for the treatment of various brain disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs
Mihaela Crisan,Solomon Yap,Louis Casteilla,Louis Casteilla,Chien Wen Chen,Mirko Corselli,Tea Soon Park,Gabriella Andriolo,Bin Sun,Bo Zheng,Li Zhang,Cyrille Norotte,Pang-ning Teng,Jeremy Traas,Rebecca C. Schugar,Bridget M. Deasy,Stephen F. Badylak,Hans-Jörg Bühring,Jean-Paul Giacobino,Lorenza Lazzari,Johnny Huard,Bruno Péault +21 more
TL;DR: Blood vessel walls harbor a reserve of progenitor cells that may be integral to the origin of the elusive MSCs and other related adult stem cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier
Annika Armulik,Guillem Genové,Maarja Mäe,Maya H. Nisancioglu,Elisabet Wallgard,Elisabet Wallgard,Colin Niaudet,Liqun He,Liqun He,Jenny Norlin,Per Lindblom,Karin Strittmatter,Karin Strittmatter,Bengt Johansson,Christer Betsholtz +14 more
TL;DR: A novel and critical role for pericytes is indicated in the integration of endothelial and astrocyte functions at the neurovascular unit, and in the regulation of the blood–brain barrier.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Lineage of Myeloid Cells Independent of Myb and Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Christian Schulz,Elisa Gomez Perdiguero,Laurent Chorro,Heather L. Szabo-Rogers,Nicolas Cagnard,Katrin Kierdorf,Marco Prinz,Bishan Wu,Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen,Jeffrey W. Pollard,Jon Frampton,Karen J. Liu,Frederic Geissmann +12 more
TL;DR: It is found that the transcription factor Myb was required for development of HSCs and all CD11bhigh monocytes and macrophages, but was dispensable for yolk sac (YS)macrophages and for the development of YS-derived F4/80bright macrophage populations in several tissues.
Journal Article
A lineage of myeloid cells independent of Myb and hematopoietic stem cells
Elisa Gomez Perdiguero,Christian Schulz,Laurent Chorro,Heather L. Szabo-Rogers,Nicolas Cagnard,Katrin Kierdorf,Marco Prinz,Bishan Wu,Jacobsen Sew.,Jeffrey W. Pollard,Jon Frampton,Karen J. Liu,Frederic Geissmann +12 more
TL;DR: Schulz et al. as discussed by the authors investigated whether adult macrophages all share a common developmental origin and found that a population of yolk-sac-derived, tissue-resident macophages was able to develop and persist in adult mice in the absence of hematopoietic stem cells.