Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer-associated cachexia
Vickie E. Baracos,Lisa Martin,Murray Korc,Denis C. Guttridge,Kenneth C. H. Fearon +4 more
- Vol. 4, Iss: 1, pp 17105-17105
TLDR
Cachexia is a disorder characterized by loss of body weight with specific losses of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue as mentioned in this paper, which is associated with cancers of the pancreas, oesophagus, stomach, lung, liver and bowel.Abstract:
Cancer-associated cachexia is a disorder characterized by loss of body weight with specific losses of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Cachexia is driven by a variable combination of reduced food intake and metabolic changes, including elevated energy expenditure, excess catabolism and inflammation. Cachexia is highly associated with cancers of the pancreas, oesophagus, stomach, lung, liver and bowel; this group of malignancies is responsible for half of all cancer deaths worldwide. Cachexia involves diverse mediators derived from the cancer cells and cells within the tumour microenvironment, including inflammatory and immune cells. In addition, endocrine, metabolic and central nervous system perturbations combine with these mediators to elicit catabolic changes in skeletal and cardiac muscle and adipose tissue. At the tissue level, mechanisms include activation of inflammation, proteolysis, autophagy and lipolysis. Cachexia associates with a multitude of morbidities encompassing functional, metabolic and immune disorders as well as aggravated toxicity and complications of cancer therapy. Patients experience impaired quality of life, reduced physical, emotional and social well-being and increased use of healthcare resources. To date, no effective medical intervention completely reverses cachexia and there are no approved drug therapies. Adequate nutritional support remains a mainstay of cachexia therapy, whereas drugs that target overactivation of catabolic processes, cell injury and inflammation are currently under investigation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors: Consensus Statement from International Multidisciplinary Roundtable
Kristin L. Campbell,Kerri M. Winters-Stone,Joachim Wiskemann,Anne M. May,Anna L. Schwartz,Kerry S. Courneya,David S. Zucker,Charles E. Matthews,Jennifer A. Ligibel,Lynn H. Gerber,G. Stephen Morris,Alpa V. Patel,Trisha F. Hue,Frank M. Perna,Kathryn H. Schmitz +14 more
TL;DR: Enough evidence was available to conclude that specific doses of aerobic, combined aerobic plus resistance training, and/or resistance training could improve common cancer-related health outcomes, including anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Management of Cancer Cachexia: ASCO Guideline
Eric Roeland,Kari Bohlke,Vickie E. Baracos,Eduardo Bruera,Egidio Del Fabbro,Suzanne W. Dixon,Marie Fallon,Jørn Herrstedt,Harold Lau,Mary E. Platek,Hope S. Rugo,Hester Hill Schnipper,Thomas J. Smith,Winston Tan,Charles L. Loprinzi +14 more
TL;DR: Dietary counseling may be offered with the goals of providing patients and caregivers with advice for the management of cachexia, but evidence remains limited and no specific pharmacological intervention can be recommended as the standard of care.
Journal ArticleDOI
The MIC-1/GDF15-GFRAL Pathway in Energy Homeostasis: Implications for Obesity, Cachexia, and Other Associated Diseases
Vicky Wang-Wei Tsai,Vicky Wang-Wei Tsai,Yasmin Husaini,Yasmin Husaini,Amanda Sainsbury,David Brown,David Brown,Samuel N. Breit,Samuel N. Breit +8 more
TL;DR: When MIC-1/GDF15 serum levels are substantially elevated in diseases like cancer, it subverts a physiological pathway of appetite regulation to induce an anorexia/ cachexia syndrome initiated by its actions on hindbrain neurons, making it a potential target for the treatment of both obesity and anorexia/cachexia syndromes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multidisciplinary standards of care and recent progress in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Aaron J. Grossberg,Linda C. Chu,Christopher R. Deig,Eliot K. Fishman,William L. Hwang,William L. Hwang,William L. Hwang,Anirban Maitra,Daniel L. Marks,Arnav Mehta,Arnav Mehta,Arnav Mehta,Nima Nabavizadeh,Diane M. Simeone,Colin D. Weekes,Charles R. Thomas +15 more
TL;DR: The authors review the current multidisciplinary standards of care in pancreatic cancer with a focus on emerging concepts in Pancreatic cancer detection, precision therapy, and survivorship.
Weight management and its role in breast cancer rehabilitation
TL;DR: Comprehensive approaches that involve dietary and behavior modification, and increased aerobic and strength training exercise have shown promise in either preventing weight gain or promoting weight loss, reducing biomarkers associated with inflammation and comorbidity, and improving lifestyle behaviors, functional status, and quality of life in this high‐risk patient population.
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