Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.
Xiuyuan Ou,Yan Liu,Xiaobo Lei,Pei Li,Dan Mi,Lili Ren,Li Guo,Ruixuan Guo,Ting Chen,Jiaxin Hu,Zichun Xiang,Zhixia Mu,Xing Chen,Jieyong Chen,Keping Hu,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Zhaohui Qian +17 more
TLDR
It is shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is less stable than that of SARS -CoV, and limited cross-neutralization activities between SARS and COVID-19 patients’ sera showlimited cross- neutralization activities, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other.Abstract:
Since 2002, beta coronaviruses (CoV) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002-2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019. However, little is currently known about the biology of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system, we confirm that human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, find that SARS-CoV-2 enters 293/hACE2 cells mainly through endocytosis, that PIKfyve, TPC2, and cathepsin L are critical for entry, and that SARS-CoV-2 S protein is less stable than SARS-CoV S. Polyclonal anti-SARS S1 antibodies T62 inhibit entry of SARS-CoV S but not SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirions. Further studies using recovered SARS and COVID-19 patients' sera show limited cross-neutralization, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other. Our results present potential targets for development of drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.read more
Citations
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Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
TL;DR: The basic virology of SARS-CoV-2 is described, including genomic characteristics and receptor use, highlighting its key difference from previously known coronaviruses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2.
TL;DR: Key cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 that potentially contribute to the immune evasion, cell infectivity, and wide spread of the virus are identified using biochemical and pseudovirus entry assays and the potency and evasiveness are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2.
TL;DR: The first discoveries that shape the current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the intracellular viral life cycle are summarized and relate that to the knowledge of coronavirus biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural and functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: potential antivirus drug development for COVID-19.
TL;DR: Recent research advance in the structure, function and development of antivirus drugs targeting the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review.
TL;DR: The current knowledge about this disease is reviewed and the potential explanation of the different symptomatology between children and adults is considered.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus.
Wenhui Li,Michael Moore,Natalya Vasilieva,Jianhua Sui,Swee Kee Wong,Michael A. Berne,Mohan Somasundaran,John L. Sullivan,Katherine Luzuriaga,Thomas C. Greenough,Hyeryun Choe,Michael Farzan +11 more
TL;DR: It is found that a soluble form of ACE2, but not of the related enzyme ACE1, blocked association of the S1 domain with Vero E6 cells, indicating that ACE2 is a functional receptor for SARS-CoV.
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