Chromosome number evolves at equal rates in holocentric and monocentric clades.
TLDR
The results suggest that holocentricity alone does not lead to higher rates of chromosome number changes, and it is suggested that other co-evolving traits must explain striking differences between clades.Abstract:
Despite the fundamental role of centromeres two different types are observed across plants and animals. Monocentric chromosomes possess a single region that function as the centromere while in holocentric chromosomes centromere activity is spread across the entire chromosome. Proper segregation may fail in species with monocentric chromosomes after a fusion or fission, which may lead to chromosomes with no centromere or multiple centromeres. In contrast, species with holocentric chromosomes should still be able to safely segregate chromosomes after fusion or fission. This along with the observation of high chromosome number in some holocentric clades has led to the hypothesis that holocentricity leads to higher rates of chromosome number evolution. To test for differences in rates of chromosome number evolution between these systems, we analyzed data from 4,393 species of insects in a phylogenetic framework. We found that insect orders exhibit striking differences in rates of fissions, fusions, and polyploidy. However, across all insects we found no evidence that holocentric clades have higher rates of fissions, fusions, or polyploidy than monocentric clades. Our results suggest that holocentricity alone does not lead to higher rates of chromosome number changes. Instead, we suggest that other co-evolving traits must explain striking differences between clades.read more
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Phylogenomics Resolves The Timing And Pattern Of Insect Evolution: Supplementary File Archives.
Bernhard Misof,Shanlin Liu,Karen Meusemann,Ralph S. Peters,Alexander Donath,Christoph Mayer,Paul B. Frandsen,Jessica L. Ware,Tomas Flouri,Rolf G. Beutel,Oliver Niehuis,Malte Petersen,Fernando Izquierdo-Carrasco,Torsten Wappler,Jes Rust,Andre J. Aberer,Ulrike Aspöck,Horst Aspöck,Daniela Bartel,Alexander Blanke,Simon Berger,Alexander Böhm,Thomas R. Buckley,Brett Calcott,Junqing Chen,Frank Friedrich,Makiko Fukui,Mari Fujita,Carola Greve,Peter Grobe,Shengchang Gu,Ying Huang,Lars S. Jermiin,Akito Y. Kawahara,Lars Krogmann,Martin Kubiak,Robert Lanfear,Harald Letsch,Yiyuan Li,Zhenyu Li,Jiguang Li,Haorong Lu,Ryuichiro Machida,Yuta Mashimo,Pashalia Kapli,Duane D. McKenna,Guanliang Meng,Yasutaka Nakagaki,José Luis Navarrete-Heredia,Michael Ott,Yanxiang Ou,Günther Pass,Lars Podsiadlowski,Hans Pohl,Björn M. von Reumont,Kai Schütte,Kaoru Sekiya,Shota Shimizu,Adam Slipinski,Alexandros Stamatakis,Wenhui Song,Xu Su,Nikolaus U. Szucsich,Meihua Tan,Xuemei Tan,Min Tang,Jingbo Tang,Gerald Timelthaler,Shigekazu Tomizuka,Michelle D. Trautwein,Xiaoli Tong,Toshiki Uchifune,Manfred Walzl,Brian M. Wiegmann,Jeanne Wilbrandt,Benjamin Wipfler,Thomas K. F. Wong,Qiong Wu,Gengxiong Wu,Yinlong Xie,Shenzhou Yang,Qing Yang,David K. Yeates,Kazunori Yoshizawa,Qing Zhang,Rui Zhang,Wenwei Zhang,Yunhui Zhang,Jing Zhao,Chengran Zhou,Lili Zhou,Tanja Ziesmann,Shijie Zou,Yingrui Li,Xun Xu,Yong Zhang,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,Jun Wang,Karl M. Kjer,Xin Zhou +100 more
TL;DR: A phylogenetic analysis of protein-coding genes from all major insect orders and close relatives was performed by Misof et al. as discussed by the authors, who used this resolved phylogenetic tree together with fossil analysis to date the origin of insects to ~479 million years ago and to resolve longcontroversial subjects in insect phylogeny.
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A holocentric twist to chromosomal speciation?
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss how the abundance of chromosome-scale genomes, combined with novel analytical tools, offer the opportunity to assess the impacts of chromosomal rearrangements on rates of speciation by outlining a phylogenetic framework that aligns with the two major lines of chromosomesomal speciation theory.
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Meiosis Progression and Recombination in Holocentric Plants: What Is Known?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the main concepts of meiotic constraints and adaptations with special focus in meiosis progression and recombination in holocentric plants, and present the main challenges and perspectives for future research in the field of chromosome biology and meiosis in plants.
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High-density linkage maps and chromosome level genome assemblies unveil direction and frequency of extensive structural rearrangements in wood white butterflies (Leptidea spp.)
TL;DR: This paper explored the genomes of the wood white (Leptidea) species complex using a combination of 10X linked reads and HiC data, and improved them using linkage maps for two populations of the common wood white with distinct karyotypes.
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Dissecting cricket genomes for the advancement of entomology and entomophagy
TL;DR: In this article , the progress of genomics of crickets is summarized and how the cricket genome can be beneficial to the food industry and how basic research based on cricket genome information can contribute to tackling global food security.
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Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution
Bernhard Misof,Shanlin Liu,Karen Meusemann,Ralph S. Peters,Alexander Donath,Christoph Mayer,Paul B. Frandsen,Jessica L. Ware,Tomas Flouri,Rolf G. Beutel,Oliver Niehuis,Malte Petersen,Fernando Izquierdo-Carrasco,Torsten Wappler,Jes Rust,Andre J. Aberer,Ulrike Aspöck,Ulrike Aspöck,Horst Aspöck,Daniela Bartel,Alexander Blanke,Simon Berger,Alexander Böhm,Thomas R. Buckley,Brett Calcott,Junqing Chen,Frank Friedrich,Makiko Fukui,Mari Fujita,Carola Greve,Peter Grobe,Shengchang Gu,Ying Huang,Lars S. Jermiin,Akito Y. Kawahara,Lars Krogmann,Martin Kubiak,Robert Lanfear,Robert Lanfear,Robert Lanfear,Harald Letsch,Yiyuan Li,Zhenyu Li,Jiguang Li,Haorong Lu,Ryuichiro Machida,Yuta Mashimo,Pashalia Kapli,Pashalia Kapli,Duane D. McKenna,Guanliang Meng,Yasutaka Nakagaki,José Luis Navarrete-Heredia,Michael Ott,Yanxiang Ou,Günther Pass,Lars Podsiadlowski,Hans Pohl,Björn M. von Reumont,Kai Schütte,Kaoru Sekiya,Shota Shimizu,Adam Slipinski,Alexandros Stamatakis,Alexandros Stamatakis,Wenhui Song,Xu Su,Nikolaus U. Szucsich,Meihua Tan,Xuemei Tan,Min Tang,Jingbo Tang,Gerald Timelthaler,Shigekazu Tomizuka,Michelle D. Trautwein,Xiaoli Tong,Toshiki Uchifune,Manfred Walzl,Brian M. Wiegmann,Jeanne Wilbrandt,Benjamin Wipfler,Thomas K. F. Wong,Qiong Wu,Gengxiong Wu,Yinlong Xie,Shenzhou Yang,Qing Yang,David K. Yeates,Kazunori Yoshizawa,Qing Zhang,Rui Zhang,Wenwei Zhang,Yunhui Zhang,Jing Zhao,Chengran Zhou,Lili Zhou,Tanja Ziesmann,Shijie Zou,Yingrui Li,Xun Xu,Yong Zhang,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,Jun Wang,Karl M. Kjer,Xin Zhou +105 more
TL;DR: The phylogeny of all major insect lineages reveals how and when insects diversified and provides a comprehensive reliable scaffold for future comparative analyses of evolutionary innovations among insects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosomal rearrangements and speciation.
TL;DR: It is argued that rearrangements reduce gene flow more by suppressing recombination and extending the effects of linked isolation genes than by reducing fitness.