Community structures of fecal bacteria in cattle from different animal feeding operations.
Orin C. Shanks,Catherine A. Kelty,S. L. Archibeque,Michael B. Jenkins,Ryan J. Newton,Sandra L. McLellan,Susan M. Huse,Mitchell L. Sogin +7 more
TLDR
Network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels.Abstract:
The fecal microbiome of cattle plays a critical role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety, pathogen shedding, and the performance of fecal pollution detection methods. Unfortunately, most published molecular surveys fail to provide adequate detail about variability in the community structures of fecal bacteria within and across cattle populations. Using massively parallel pyrosequencing of a hypervariable region of the rRNA coding region, we profiled the fecal microbial communities of cattle from six different feeding operations where cattle were subjected to consistent management practices for a minimum of 90 days. We obtained a total of 633,877 high-quality sequences from the fecal samples of 30 adult beef cattle (5 individuals per operation). Sequence-based clustering and taxonomic analyses indicate less variability within a population than between populations. Overall, bacterial community composition correlated significantly with fecal starch concentrations, largely reflected in changes in the Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes populations. In addition, network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels, and that the feeding operation is a more important determinant of the cattle microbiome than is the geographic location of the feedlot.read more
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Dissertation
Epidemiology and ecology of antimicrobial use and resistance in North American beef production systems, The
TL;DR: This chapter discusses Mannheimia haemolytica in feedlot cattle: prevalence of recovery and associations with antimicrobial use, resistance and health outcomes, and the characterization of the resistome in manure, soil and wastewater from dairy and beef production systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiota and Serum Metabolic Profile Changes in Korean Native Hanwoo Steer in Response to Diet Feeding Systems
TL;DR: Hanwoo steers were reared under natural grazing (GS) and housing (HS) systems and a total of 6468 ± 87.86 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in both steer groups, of which 3538 ± 38.17 OTUs were from grazing steer and 2930 ± 94.06 OTUs from housing steer as mentioned in this paper .
Patent
Compositions and methods of decreasing feed conversion ratios in fowl
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide methods for decreasing feed conversion ratios in fowl through administration of a Bacillus sp. sp. to the fowl, and further relate to isolated microorganisms and compositions comprising the same.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Anemoside B4 on Diarrhea Incidence, Serum Indices, and Fecal Microbial of Suckling Calves
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the effects of Anemoside B4 on diarrhea incidence, serum indices, and fecal microbial of suckling calves, and found that AnemoSide b4 could effectively alleviate calf diarrhea, protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa, and change the structure of intestinal microbiota, indicating the potential value in regulating intestinal microbiota and the prevention of intestinal diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of rectum fecal bacterial community of finishing bulls fed high-concentrate diets with active dry yeast and yeast culture supplementation
Kai Chun Gao,Chun-Yin Geng +1 more
TL;DR: In this article , the effects of feeding active dry yeast (ADY) and yeast culture (YC) on fecal bacterial community in finishing bulls fed high-concentrate diets in the same experimental environment were investigated.
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