Community structures of fecal bacteria in cattle from different animal feeding operations.
Orin C. Shanks,Catherine A. Kelty,S. L. Archibeque,Michael B. Jenkins,Ryan J. Newton,Sandra L. McLellan,Susan M. Huse,Mitchell L. Sogin +7 more
TLDR
Network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels.Abstract:
The fecal microbiome of cattle plays a critical role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety, pathogen shedding, and the performance of fecal pollution detection methods. Unfortunately, most published molecular surveys fail to provide adequate detail about variability in the community structures of fecal bacteria within and across cattle populations. Using massively parallel pyrosequencing of a hypervariable region of the rRNA coding region, we profiled the fecal microbial communities of cattle from six different feeding operations where cattle were subjected to consistent management practices for a minimum of 90 days. We obtained a total of 633,877 high-quality sequences from the fecal samples of 30 adult beef cattle (5 individuals per operation). Sequence-based clustering and taxonomic analyses indicate less variability within a population than between populations. Overall, bacterial community composition correlated significantly with fecal starch concentrations, largely reflected in changes in the Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes populations. In addition, network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels, and that the feeding operation is a more important determinant of the cattle microbiome than is the geographic location of the feedlot.read more
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Metagenomic characterization of the effect of feed additives on the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome of feedlot cattle
Milton Thomas,M. J. Webb,Sudeep Ghimire,Amanda D. Blair,Kenneth C. Olson,Gavin J. Fenske,Alex Thomas Fonder,Jane Christopher-Hennings,Derek Brake,Joy Scaria +9 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that use of antibiotic feed additives does not produce discernable changes at the phylum level however treated cattle had reduced the abundance of gram-positive bacteria at the genus level, which may impact the ability of these animals to exclude pathogens from the gut.
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Book ChapterDOI
Advancements in Molecular Techniques and Bioinformatics for Understanding the Rumen Microbiome
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarize sequencing and bioinformatics approaches, and review the crucial roles of diverse microbiomes in livestock, plants and soil, as well as pollinators and pest insects.
Patent
Cow food and methods of husbandry for increased milk production
TL;DR: In this paper, a cow food comprising microorganisms, such as a Pichia sp. and a Clostridium sp., is described, and the disclosure relates to animal food and methods for increasing the amount of milk and/or milk components produced by a ruminant animal.
References
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