Book ChapterDOI
Endocannabinoids and Mental Disorders
TLDR
Preclinical and clinical data fully support the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the etiopathogenesis of several mental diseases and both animal and human studies seem to suggest that pharmacological modulation of this system might represent a novel approach for treatment.Abstract:
Preclinical and clinical data fully support the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the etiopathogenesis of several mental diseases. In this review we will briefly summarize the most common alterations in the endocannabinoid system, in terms of cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoid levels, present in mood disorders (anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, and suicidality) as well as psychosis (schizophrenia) and autism. The arising picture for each pathology is not always straightforward; however, both animal and human studies seem to suggest that pharmacological modulation of this system might represent a novel approach for treatment.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal Structure of the Human Cannabinoid Receptor CB2.
Tian Hua,Kiran Vemuri,Mengchen Pu,Lu Qu,Lu Qu,Gye Won Han,Yiran Wu,Suwen Zhao,Wenqing Shui,Shanshan Li,Anisha Korde,Robert B. Laprairie,Edward L. Stahl,Jo-Hao Ho,Nikolai Zvonok,Han Zhou,Irina Kufareva,Beili Wu,Qiang Zhao,Michael A. Hanson,Laura M. Bohn,Alexandros Makriyannis,Raymond C. Stevens,Raymond C. Stevens,Zhi-Jie Liu,Zhi-Jie Liu +25 more
TL;DR: The structure of the CB1-AM6538 complex reveals key features of the receptor and critical interactions for antagonist binding and provides insight into the binding mode of naturally occurring CB1 ligands, such as THC, and synthetic cannabinoids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment—a Systematic Review
Cecilia Sorensen,Kristen DeSanto,Laura M. Borgelt,Kristina T. Phillips,Andrew A. Monte,Andrew A. Monte +5 more
TL;DR: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is a cyclic vomiting syndrome, preceded by daily to weekly cannabis use, usually accompanied by symptom improvement with hot bathing, and resolution with cessation of cannabis, which appears to be the best treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotic-induced microbiota perturbation causes gut endocannabinoidome changes, hippocampal neuroglial reorganization and depression in mice
Francesca Guida,Fabio Turco,Monica Iannotta,Danilo De Gregorio,Ilaria Palumbo,Giovanni Sarnelli,Anna Furiano,Francesco Napolitano,Serena Boccella,Livio Luongo,Mariacristina Mazzitelli,Alessandro Usiello,F. De Filippis,Fabio Arturo Iannotti,Fabiana Piscitelli,Danilo Ercolini,V. de Novellis,V. Di Marzo,Rosario Cuomo,Sabatino Maione +19 more
TL;DR: These findings clarify some of the biomolecular and functional modifications leading to the development of affective disorders associated with gut microbiota alterations and Interestingly, levels of Lachnospiraceae were found to significantly correlate with the behavioural changes observed in dysbiotic mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cannabinoid system and pain
TL;DR: The role of an important endogenous pain control system, the endocannabinoid (EC) system, in the sensory, emotional, and cognitive aspects of pain is reviewed, and Elevating or enhancing EC signalling is antinociceptive in preclinical models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 Receptor Signaling and Bias
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current evidence for biased signaling through cannabinoid receptor subtypes CB1 and CB2 is presented, which represents an exciting therapeutic opportunity to target specific pathways that elicit only desired effects, while avoiding undesired effects mediated by different signaling cascades.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The endogenous cannabinoid system controls extinction of aversive memories
Giovanni Marsicano,Carsten T. Wotjak,Shahnaz Christina Azad,Shahnaz Christina Azad,Tiziana Bisogno,Gerhard Rammes,Maria Grazia Cascio,Heike Hermann,Jianrong Tang,Clementine Hofmann,Walter Zieglgänsberger,Vincenzo Di Marzo,Beat Lutz +12 more
TL;DR: Treatment of wild-type mice with the CB1 antagonist SR141716A mimicked the phenotype of CB1-deficient mice, revealing that CB1 is required at the moment of memory extinction, and proposes that endocannabinoids facilitate extinction of aversive memories through their selective inhibitory effects on local inhibitory networks in the amygdala.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Neurocircuitry of Fear, Stress, and Anxiety Disorders
TL;DR: Additional research will be needed to clarify the exact role of each component of the fear circuitry in the anxiety disorders, determine whether functional abnormalities identified in the Anxiety disorders represent acquired signs of the disorders or vulnerability factors that increase the risk of developing them, and use functional neuroimaging to predict treatment response and assess treatment-related changes in brain function.
PatentDOI
Modulation of anxiety through blockade of anandamide hydrolysis
TL;DR: In this paper, Fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors of the Formula (I) are provided, wherein X is NH, CH2, O, or S, Q is O or S; Z is O/N; R is an aromatic moiety selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl; substituted or unweighted biphenylyl, substituted or naphthyl, and substituted or unsaturated phenyl.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy and safety of the weight-loss drug rimonabant: a meta-analysis of randomised trials
Robin Christensen,Pernelle Kruse Kristensen,Pernelle Kruse Kristensen,Else Marie Bartels,Henning Bliddal,Arne Astrup +5 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that 20 mg per day rimonabant increases the risk of psychiatric adverse events--ie, depressed mood disorders and anxiety-despite depressed mood being an exclusion criterion in these trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia
F. M. Leweke,Daniele Piomelli,Daniele Piomelli,Franziska Pahlisch,Franziska Pahlisch,D Muhl,D Muhl,C.W. Gerth,Carolin Hoyer,Carolin Hoyer,Joachim Klosterkötter,Martin Hellmich,Dagmar Koethe,Dagmar Koethe +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that inhibition of anandamide deactivation may contribute to the antipsychotic effects of cannabidiol potentially representing a completely new mechanism in the treatment of schizophrenia.
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