Glial influence on the blood brain barrier.
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TLDR
Recent findings related to the involvement of astrocytes and endothelial cells, including radial glial cells, in the induction of barrier properties during embryogenesis and adulthood are described.Abstract:
The Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) is a specialized vascular structure tightly regulating central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Endothelial cells are the central component of the BBB and control of their barrier phenotype resides on astrocytes and pericytes. Interactions between these cells and the endothelium promote and maintain many of the physiological and metabolic characteristics that are unique to the BBB. In this review we describe recent findings related to the involvement of astroglial cells, including radial glial cells, in the induction of barrier properties during embryogenesis and adulthood. In addition, we describe changes that occur in astrocytes and endothelial cells during injury and inflammation with a particular emphasis on alterations of the BBB phenotype.read more
Citations
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The Blood–Brain Barrier
Richard Daneman,Alexandre Prat +1 more
TL;DR: Understanding how these different cell populations interact to regulate the barrier properties is essential for understanding how the brain functions during health and disease.
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Astrocyte barriers to neurotoxic inflammation
TL;DR: Evidence that astrocytes have crucial roles in attracting and restricting CNS inflammation, with important implications for diverse CNS disorders is discussed.
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The blood–brain barrier and blood–tumour barrier in brain tumours and metastases
TL;DR: A deeper understanding of the BBB and BTB through the application of single-cell sequencing and imaging techniques, and the development of biomarkers of BBB integrity along with systems biology approaches, should enable new personalized treatment strategies for primary brain malignancies and brain metastases.
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Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits
Milos Pekny,Marcela Pekna +1 more
TL;DR: Understanding the multifaceted roles of astrocytes in the healthy and diseased CNS will undoubtedly contribute to the development of treatment strategies that will, in a context-dependent manner and at appropriate time points, modulate reactive astrogliosis to promote brain repair and reduce the neurological impairment.
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Overcoming the blood-brain tumor barrier for effective glioblastoma treatment
O. van Tellingen,B. Yetkin-Arik,M.C. de Gooijer,Pieter Wesseling,Pieter Wesseling,Thomas Wurdinger,Thomas Wurdinger,H.E. de Vries +7 more
TL;DR: Methods to overcome the blood-brain tumor barrier barrier (BBTB) are provided, including osmotic blood- brain barrier disruption (BBBD), bradykinin receptor-mediated BBTB opening, inhibition of multidrug efflux transporters, receptor- mediated transport systems and physiological circumvention of the BBTB.
References
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Pericyte-derived Glial Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor Increase the Expression of Claudin-5 in the Blood–brain Barrier and the Blood-nerve Barrier
Fumitaka Shimizu,Yasuteru Sano,Kazuyuki Saito,Masaaki Abe,Toshihiko Maeda,Hiroyo Haruki,Takashi Kanda +6 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that the regulation of GDNF secreted from pericytes may be a novel therapeutic strategy to modify the BBB or BNB functions and promote brain or peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Conditional deletion of beta1-integrin in astroglia causes partial reactive gliosis.
Stefanie Robel,Tetsuji Mori,S. Zoubaa,Jürgen Schlegel,Svetlana Sirko,Andreas Faissner,Sandra Goebbels,Leda Dimou,Magdalena Götz,Magdalena Götz +9 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that β1‐integrin‐mediated signaling in astrocytes is required to promote their acquisition of a mature, nonreactive state and Alterations in β1-integrin-mediated signaling may hence be implicated in eliciting specific aspects of reactive gliosis after injury.
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Induction of blood-brain barrier characteristics in bovine brain endothelial cells by rat astroglial cells in transfilter coculture.
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Altered expression of angiopoietins during blood-brain barrier breakdown and angiogenesis.
Nima Nourhaghighi,Krystyna Teichert-Kuliszewska,Krystyna Teichert-Kuliszewska,Jaime Davis,Duncan J. Stewart,Duncan J. Stewart,Sukriti Nag +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Ang-1 is an important factor in maintaining normal homeostasis in the brain and may have therapeutic potential in reducing BBB breakdown and the ensuing edema after massive brain injury.
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The role of astrocyte-secreted matricellular proteins in central nervous system development and function.
TL;DR: A newly described function for thrombospondins in synapse formation in the CNS is discussed in detail, and it is speculated whether other matricellular proteins could play similar roles in nervous system development and function.