Glial influence on the blood brain barrier.
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TLDR
Recent findings related to the involvement of astrocytes and endothelial cells, including radial glial cells, in the induction of barrier properties during embryogenesis and adulthood are described.Abstract:
The Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) is a specialized vascular structure tightly regulating central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Endothelial cells are the central component of the BBB and control of their barrier phenotype resides on astrocytes and pericytes. Interactions between these cells and the endothelium promote and maintain many of the physiological and metabolic characteristics that are unique to the BBB. In this review we describe recent findings related to the involvement of astroglial cells, including radial glial cells, in the induction of barrier properties during embryogenesis and adulthood. In addition, we describe changes that occur in astrocytes and endothelial cells during injury and inflammation with a particular emphasis on alterations of the BBB phenotype.read more
Citations
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The Blood–Brain Barrier
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TL;DR: Understanding how these different cell populations interact to regulate the barrier properties is essential for understanding how the brain functions during health and disease.
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Astrocyte barriers to neurotoxic inflammation
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The blood–brain barrier and blood–tumour barrier in brain tumours and metastases
TL;DR: A deeper understanding of the BBB and BTB through the application of single-cell sequencing and imaging techniques, and the development of biomarkers of BBB integrity along with systems biology approaches, should enable new personalized treatment strategies for primary brain malignancies and brain metastases.
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Astrocyte Reactivity and Reactive Astrogliosis: Costs and Benefits
Milos Pekny,Marcela Pekna +1 more
TL;DR: Understanding the multifaceted roles of astrocytes in the healthy and diseased CNS will undoubtedly contribute to the development of treatment strategies that will, in a context-dependent manner and at appropriate time points, modulate reactive astrogliosis to promote brain repair and reduce the neurological impairment.
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O. van Tellingen,B. Yetkin-Arik,M.C. de Gooijer,Pieter Wesseling,Pieter Wesseling,Thomas Wurdinger,Thomas Wurdinger,H.E. de Vries +7 more
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References
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Brain endothelial cell-cell junctions: how to "open" the blood brain barrier.
TL;DR: The route and possible factors involved in BBB disruption in a variety of neuropathological disorders (e.g. CNS inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy) are highlighted and proposed signal transduction pathways that may be involved inBBB “opening” are summarized.
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TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.
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John D. Neely,Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam,Ole Petter Ottersen,Stanley C. Froehner,Peter Agre,Marvin E. Adams +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that perivascular localization of AQP4 in brain requires α-Syn, and stability of AQD4 in the membrane is increased by the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif, which is tethered to syntrophin at this site.
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Lipoprotein Receptors in the Nervous System
Joachim Herz,Hans H. Bock +1 more
TL;DR: The roles of this family of multifunctional receptors in the nervous system are reviewed and recent advances toward the understanding of the mechanisms by which lipoprotein receptors and their ligands transmit and modulate signals in the brain are focused on.