Gut Microbiota as Potential Biomarker and/or Therapeutic Target to Improve the Management of Cancer: Focus on Colibactin-Producing Escherichia coli in Colorectal Cancer.
TLDR
Preclinical and clinical data suggest that CoPEC could be a new factor predictive of poor outcomes that could be used to improve cancer management and the possibility of using these bacteria as new therapeutic targets is described.Abstract:
The gut microbiota is crucial for physiological development and immunological homeostasis. Alterations of this microbial community called dysbiosis, have been associated with cancers such colorectal cancers (CRC). The pro-carcinogenic potential of this dysbiotic microbiota has been demonstrated in the colon. Recently the role of the microbiota in the efficacy of anti-tumor therapeutic strategies has been described in digestive cancers and in other cancers (e.g., melanoma and sarcoma). Different bacterial species seem to be implicated in these mechanisms: F. nucleatum, B. fragilis, and colibactin-associated E. coli (CoPEC). CoPEC bacteria are prevalent in the colonic mucosa of patients with CRC and they promote colorectal carcinogenesis in susceptible mouse models of CRC. In this review, we report preclinical and clinical data that suggest that CoPEC could be a new factor predictive of poor outcomes that could be used to improve cancer management. Moreover, we describe the possibility of using these bacteria as new therapeutic targets.read more
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Performance Characteristics of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Adenomatous Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report inconsistent performance of FITs for colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenomas, and identify factors affecting these characteristics.
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Emerging role of human microbiome in cancer development and response to therapy: special focus on intestinal microflora
Hourieh Sadrekarimi,Zhanna R. Gardanova,Morteza Bakhshesh,Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh,A. Yaseri,Lakshmi Thangavelu,Zahra Hasanpoor,Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh,M. S. Kahrizi +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarized the evidence revealing the microbiota's involvement in cancer and its mechanism, and delineated how microbiota could predict colon carcinoma development or response to current treatments to improve clinical outcomes.
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Emerging role of human microbiome in cancer development and response to therapy: special focus on intestinal microflora
Hourieh Sadrekarimi,Zhanna R. Gardanova,Morteza Bakhshesh,Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh,A. Yaseri,Lakshmi Thangavelu,Zahra Hasanpoor,Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh,M. S. Kahrizi +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarized the evidence revealing the microbiota's involvement in cancer and its mechanism, and delineated how microbiota could predict colon carcinoma development or response to current treatments to improve clinical outcomes.
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Relationship between gut microbiota and lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 1-year follow-up study
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the distribution of gut microbiota in patients with chronic lung disease and found that some community shifts in gut microbiota were associated with lung function decline in COPD patients under regular treatment.
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Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Drug Resistance: Emerging Biomarkers and Promising Targets to Overcome Tumor Progression
TL;DR: The number of people diagnosed with cancer and the severity of the disease and their prognosis have changed has changed over the past 25 years, but the number of cases has not changed significantly.
References
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A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
Junjie Qin,Ruiqiang Li,Jeroen Raes,Manimozhiyan Arumugam,Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf,Chaysavanh Manichanh,Trine Nielsen,Nicolas Pons,Florence Levenez,Takuji Yamada,Daniel R. Mende,Junhua Li,Junming Xu,Shaochuan Li,Dongfang Li,Jianjun Cao,Bo Wang,Huiqing Liang,Huisong Zheng,Yinlong Xie,Julien Tap,Patricia Lepage,Marcelo Bertalan,Jean-Michel Batto,Torben Hansen,Denis Le Paslier,Allan Linneberg,H. Bjørn Nielsen,Eric Pelletier,Pierre Renault,Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén,Keith Turner,Hongmei Zhu,Chang Yu,Shengting Li,Min Jian,Yan Zhou,Yingrui Li,Xiuqing Zhang,Songgang Li,Nan Qin,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,Søren Brunak,Joël Doré,Francisco Guarner,Karsten Kristiansen,Oluf Pedersen,Julian Parkhill,Jean Weissenbach,Peer Bork,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Jun Wang +52 more
TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
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Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism
TL;DR: Through increased knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the interactions between the microbiota and its host, the world will be in a better position to develop treatments for metabolic disease.
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Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Connie P.M. Duong,Connie P.M. Duong,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Aurélie Fluckiger,Aurélie Fluckiger,Meriem Messaoudene,Meriem Messaoudene,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Maria Paula Roberti,Maria Paula Roberti,Marine Fidelle,Marine Fidelle,Caroline Flament,Caroline Flament,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Paule Opolon,Christophe Klein,Kristina Iribarren,Laura Mondragón,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Céline Clémenson,Céline Clémenson,Laura Mezquita,Jordi Remon Masip,C. Naltet,Solenn Brosseau,Coureche Kaderbhai,Corentin Richard,Hira Rizvi,Florence Levenez,Nathalie Galleron,Benoit Quinquis,Nicolas Pons,Bernhard Ryffel,Veronique Minard-Colin,Patrick Gonin,Jean-Charles Soria,Eric Deutsch,Eric Deutsch,Yohann Loriot,Yohann Loriot,François Ghiringhelli,Gérard Zalcman,François Goldwasser,B. Escudier,B. Escudier,Matthew D. Hellmann,Matthew D. Hellmann,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Didier Raoult,Laurence Albiges,Laurence Albiges,Guido Kroemer,Laurence Zitvogel +76 more
TL;DR: It is found that primary resistance to ICIs can be attributed to abnormal gut microbiome composition, and Antibiotics inhibited the clinical benefit of ICIs in patients with advanced cancer.
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Gut microbiome modulates response to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients
Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan,Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan,Christine N. Spencer,Christine N. Spencer,Luigi Nezi,Alexandre Reuben,Miles C. Andrews,Tatiana Karpinets,Peter A. Prieto,D. Vicente,K. Hoffman,Spencer C. Wei,Alexandria P. Cogdill,Li Zhao,Courtney W. Hudgens,Diane S. Hutchinson,T. Manzo,M. Petaccia de Macedo,Tiziana Cotechini,T. Kumar,Wei Shen Chen,Sangeetha M. Reddy,R. Szczepaniak Sloane,Jessica Galloway-Peña,Hong Jiang,P. L. Chen,Elizabeth J. Shpall,Katayoun Rezvani,Amin M. Alousi,Roy F. Chemaly,Samuel A. Shelburne,Luis M Vence,Pablo C. Okhuysen,V. B. Jensen,Alton G. Swennes,Florencia McAllister,E. Marcelo Riquelme Sanchez,Yu Zhang,Laurence Zitvogel,Nicolas Pons,Jacob Austin-Breneman,Lauren E. Haydu,Elizabeth M. Burton,J. M. Gardner,E. Sirmans,Jing Shan Hu,Alexander J. Lazar,Takahiro Tsujikawa,Adi Diab,Hussein Abdul-Hassan Tawbi,Isabella C. Glitza,Wen-Jen Hwu,Sapna Pradyuman Patel,Scott E. Woodman,Rodabe N. Amaria,Michael A. Davies,Jeffrey E. Gershenwald,Patrick Hwu,J. E. Lee,Jianhua Zhang,Lisa M. Coussens,Zachary A. Cooper,P.A. Futreal,Carrie R. Daniel,Carrie R. Daniel,Nadim J. Ajami,Joseph F. Petrosino,Michael T. Tetzlaff,Pradeep Sharma,James P. Allison,Robert R. Jenq,Jennifer A. Wargo +71 more
TL;DR: Examination of the oral and gut microbiome of melanoma patients undergoing anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) immunotherapy suggested enhanced systemic and antitumor immunity in responding patients with a favorable gut microbiome as well as in germ-free mice receiving fecal transplants from responding patients.