Journal ArticleDOI
Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivores
J. S. Bale,Gregory J. Masters,Ian D. Hodkinson,Caroline S. Awmack,T. Martijn Bezemer,Valerie K. Brown,Jennifer Butterfield,Alan Buse,John C. Coulson,John Farrar,John E. G. Good,Richard Harrington,Susane Hartley,T. Hefin Jones,Richard L. Lindroth,Malcolm C. Press,Ilias Symrnioudis,Allan D. Watt,J. B. Whittaker +18 more
TLDR
Future research needs to consider insect herbivore phenotypic and genotypic flexibility, their responses to global change parameters operating in concert, and awareness that some patterns may only become apparent in the longer term.Abstract:
This review examines the direct effects of climate change on insect herbivores. Temperature is identified as the dominant abiotic factor directly affecting herbivorous insects. There is little evidence of any direct effects of CO2 or UVB. Direct impacts of precipitation have been largely neglected in current research on climate change. Temperature directly affects development, survival, range and abundance. Species with a large geographical range will tend to be less affected. The main effect of temperature in temperate regions is to influence winter survival; at more northerly latitudes, higher temperatures extend the summer season, increasing the available thermal budget for growth and reproduction. Photoperiod is the dominant cue for the seasonal synchrony of temperate insects, but their thermal requirements may differ at different times of year. Interactions between photoperiod and temperature determine phenology; the two factors do not necessarily operate in tandem. Insect herbivores show a number of distinct life-history strategies to exploit plants with different growth forms and strategies, which will be differentially affected by climate warming. There are still many challenges facing biologists in predicting and monitoring the impacts of climate change. Future research needs to consider insect herbivore phenotypic and genotypic flexibility, their responses to global change parameters operating in concert, and awareness that some patterns may only become apparent in the longer term.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Maize production in a changing climate: Impacts, adaptation, and mitigation strategies
Jill E. Cairns,Kai Sonder,Pervez Haider Zaidi,Nele Verhulst,Nele Verhulst,George Mahuku,Raman Babu,Sudha K. Nair,Biswajit Das,Bram Govaerts,M.T. Vinayan,Zerka Rashid,J.J. Noor,P. Devi,F. M. San Vicente,Boddupalli M. Prasanna +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review focusing on achievements in stress tolerance breeding and physiology and presents future tools for quick and efficient germplasm development is presented to increase maize system resilience to climate-related stresses and mitigate the effects of future climate change.
OtherDOI
Comparative digestive physiology.
TL;DR: The taxon richness of the gut microbiota, usually identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, is typically an order of magnitude greater in vertebrates than invertebrates, and the interspecific variation in microbial composition is strongly influenced by diet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plantation forests, climate change and biodiversity
Stephen M. Pawson,Antoine Brin,Eckehard G. Brockerhoff,David Lamb,T. W. Payn,Alain Paquette,John A. Parrotta +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the potential direct and indirect impacts of climate change on plantations and concluded that in the short to medium term changes in plantation management designed to mitigate or adapt to climate change could have a significantly greater impact on biodiversity in such plantations than the direct effects of the climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Invertebrates, ecosystem services and climate change
Chelse M. Prather,Chelse M. Prather,Shannon L. Pelini,Shannon L. Pelini,Angela N. Laws,Emily B. Rivest,J. Megan Woltz,Christopher P. Bloch,Israel Del Toro,Israel Del Toro,Chuan-Kai Ho,Chuan-Kai Ho,John S. Kominoski,John S. Kominoski,T. A. Scott Newbold,Sheena M. A. Parsons,Anthony Joern +16 more
TL;DR: There is a basic lack of understanding of the direct and indirect paths by which invertebrates influence ecosystem services, as well as how climate change will affect those ecosystem services by altering invertebrate populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and biological invasions: evidence, expectations, and response options.
TL;DR: An assessment of empirical and theoretical evidence identified how each of these processes is likely to be shaped by climate change for alien plants, animals and pathogens in terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments of Great Britain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming
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