Journal ArticleDOI
Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivores
J. S. Bale,Gregory J. Masters,Ian D. Hodkinson,Caroline S. Awmack,T. Martijn Bezemer,Valerie K. Brown,Jennifer Butterfield,Alan Buse,John C. Coulson,John Farrar,John E. G. Good,Richard Harrington,Susane Hartley,T. Hefin Jones,Richard L. Lindroth,Malcolm C. Press,Ilias Symrnioudis,Allan D. Watt,J. B. Whittaker +18 more
TLDR
Future research needs to consider insect herbivore phenotypic and genotypic flexibility, their responses to global change parameters operating in concert, and awareness that some patterns may only become apparent in the longer term.Abstract:
This review examines the direct effects of climate change on insect herbivores. Temperature is identified as the dominant abiotic factor directly affecting herbivorous insects. There is little evidence of any direct effects of CO2 or UVB. Direct impacts of precipitation have been largely neglected in current research on climate change. Temperature directly affects development, survival, range and abundance. Species with a large geographical range will tend to be less affected. The main effect of temperature in temperate regions is to influence winter survival; at more northerly latitudes, higher temperatures extend the summer season, increasing the available thermal budget for growth and reproduction. Photoperiod is the dominant cue for the seasonal synchrony of temperate insects, but their thermal requirements may differ at different times of year. Interactions between photoperiod and temperature determine phenology; the two factors do not necessarily operate in tandem. Insect herbivores show a number of distinct life-history strategies to exploit plants with different growth forms and strategies, which will be differentially affected by climate warming. There are still many challenges facing biologists in predicting and monitoring the impacts of climate change. Future research needs to consider insect herbivore phenotypic and genotypic flexibility, their responses to global change parameters operating in concert, and awareness that some patterns may only become apparent in the longer term.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
TL;DR: Range-restricted species, particularly polar and mountaintop species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests
Craig D. Allen,Alison K. Macalady,Haroun Chenchouni,Dominique Bachelet,Nate G. McDowell,Michel Vennetier,Thomas Kitzberger,Andreas Rigling,David D. Breshears,Edward H. Hogg,Patrick Gonzalez,Rod Fensham,Zhen Zhang,Jorge Castro,N.A. Demidova,Jong Hwan Lim,Gillian Allard,Steven W. Running,Akkin Semerci,Neil S. Cobb +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the first global assessment of recent tree mortality attributed to drought and heat stress and identify key information gaps and scientific uncertainties that currently hinder our ability to predict tree mortality in response to climate change and emphasizes the need for a globally coordinated observation system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems
Marcus Lindner,Michael Maroschek,Sigrid Netherer,Antoine Kremer,Anna Barbati,Jordi Garcia-Gonzalo,Rupert Seidl,Sylvain Delzon,Piermaria Corona,Marja Kolström,Manfred J. Lexer,Marco Marchetti +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the most important potential impacts of climate change on forest goods and services are summarized for the Boreal, Temperate Oceanic, TOC, Mediterranean, and mountainous regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The interaction of plant biotic and abiotic stresses: from genes to the field
Nicky J. Atkinson,Peter E. Urwin +1 more
TL;DR: This review aims to characterize the interaction between biotic and abiotic stress responses at a molecular level, focusing on regulatory mechanisms important to both pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abiotic and biotic stress combinations
TL;DR: This review will provide an update on recent studies focusing on the response of plants to a combination of different stresses, and address how different stress responses are integrated and how they impact plant growth and physiological traits.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The potential effects of climatic change on agricultural insect pests
TL;DR: A number of priorities for future research into the effects of climatic changes on agricultural insect pests can be identified, including examination of the influence of Climatic variables on insect pests, long-term monitoring of pest population levels and insect behaviour, and consideration of possible climatic change in research into pest management systems and identification of potential migrants.
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Ecology of Insects: Concepts and Applications
TL;DR: This chapter discusses insect ecology in the context of climate change, natural Enemies and Insect Population Dynamics, and Insect Pest Management.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate and habitat availability determine 20th century changes in a butterfly's range margin
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a climate response surface model to investigate distribution changes at the northern margin of the speckled wood butterfly, Pararge aegeria, and found that this species could colonize all newly available climatically suitable habitat in the UK over the next 50 years or more.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Digestive Systems of Insects
TL;DR: L'organisation spatiale de l'appareil digestif est examinee chez les principaux ordres d'insectes et l'evolution et les caracteristiques adaptatives de l’appareils digestif sont examinees pour les ordres principaux d'Insectes.
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