Journal ArticleDOI
Life and times of the Bering land bridge
TLDR
This article found no evidence of steppe tundra on the Bering land bridge and showed that much of the land bridge was above sea level and thus available for human and animal migration until 11,000 yr BP.Abstract:
UNDERSTANDING the environment of the Bering land bridge and determining the timing of late Wisconsin inundation are important for several areas of study. These include: (1) the timing of the re-establishment of circulation between Pacific and Atlantic Oceans; (2) the timing of development of a northern biotic refugium and the closing of the bridge to species immigration; (3) Palaeoindian migration routes; and (4) palaeotopographic data for atmospheric general circulation models1. Late Wisconsin palaeobotanical and fossil insect data from the central and northern sectors of the Bering land bridge indicate widespread mesic shrub tundra environments even during the last glacial maximum. Contrary to previous hypotheses, we found no evidence of steppe tundra on the land bridge. New accelerator mass spectrometer 14C dates show much of the land bridge was above sea level and thus available for human and animal migration until 11,000 yr BP. Insect evidence suggests that summer temperatures at that time were substantially warmer than now.read more
Citations
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History and evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric Hulten
TL;DR: There is now excellent fossil, molecular and phytogeographical evidence to support Hultén's proposal that Beringia was a major northern refugium for arctic plants throughout the Quaternary, but most molecular evidence fails to support his proposal that contemporary east and west Atlantic populations of circumarctic and amphi‐Atlantic species have been separated throughout the quaternary.
Journal ArticleDOI
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of the Beringian Expansion
TL;DR: The data are in agreement with the view that the present Greenland Eskimos essentially descend from Alaskan Neo-Eskimos, and major mtDNA types shared between Na Dene and Eskimo are demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pre-Columbian mycobacterial genomes reveal seals as a source of New World human tuberculosis
Kirsten I. Bos,Kelly M. Harkins,Alexander Herbig,Mireia Coscolla,Nico Weber,Iñaki Comas,Stephen Forrest,Josephine M. Bryant,Simon R. Harris,Verena J. Schuenemann,Tessa J. Campbell,Kerttu Majander,Alicia K. Wilbur,Ricardo Aníbal Guichón,Dawnie Wolfe Steadman,Della Collins Cook,Stefan Niemann,Marcel A. Behr,Martín José Zumárraga,Ricardo Bastida,Daniel H. Huson,Kay Nieselt,Douglas B. Young,Julian Parkhill,Jane E. Buikstra,Sebastien Gagneux,Anne C. Stone,Johannes Krause +27 more
TL;DR: Three 1,000-year-old mycobacterial genomes from Peruvian human skeletons are presented, revealing that a member of the M. tuberculosis complex caused human disease before contact and implicate sea mammals as having played a role in transmitting the disease to humans across the ocean.
BookDOI
Methane hydrates in Quaternary climate change : the clathrate gun hypothesis
TL;DR: The bookshelf methane hydrates in quaternary climate as discussed by the authors describes the interaction of climate change and gas hydrate reservoirs to climate and the potential impact on climate of the exploitation of methane.
Book
Documenting Domestication: New Genetic and Archaeological Paradigms
TL;DR: This groundbreaking volume for the first time brings together leading archaeologists and biologists working on the domestication of both plants and animals to consider a wide variety of archaeological and genetic approaches to tracing the origin and dispersal of domesticates.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation
TL;DR: In this paper, a global oxygen isotope record for ocean water has been calculated from the Barbados sea level curve, allowing separation of the ice volume component common to all isotope records measured in deep-sea cores.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ice Age Paleotopography
TL;DR: The results show that LGM ice volume was approximately 35 percent lower than suggested by the CLIMAP reconstruction and the maximum heights of the main Laurentian and Fennoscandian ice complexes are inferred to have been commensurately lower with respect to sea level.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Large Drop in Atmospheric 14C/12C and Reduced Melting in the Younger Dryas, Documented with 230Th Ages of Corals
R. Lawrence Edwards,J. Warren Beck,George S. Burr,Douglas J. Donahue,John Chappell,Arthur L. Bloom,Ellen R. M. Druffel,Frederick W. Taylor +7 more
TL;DR: These measurements satisfy one of the conditions required by the hypothesis that the diversion of meltwater from the Mississippi to the St. Lawrence River triggered the Younger Dryas event, and show that globally averaged rates of melting were relatively high at the beginning of the YD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Post-glacial sea-level rise from a coral record at Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea
John Chappell,Henry Polach +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a 52m drill core from a postglacial reef at Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea, spanning the interval from 7,000 to 11,000 14C yr BP was used to show that coral growth kept pace while the relative sea level rose by 50m.
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