Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial view of central nervous system autoimmunity
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TLDR
Emerging evidence from animal models of MS suggests a causal link with resident commensal bacteria, and several gut microbial metabolites and bacterial products may interact with the immune system to modulate CNS autoimmunity.About:
This article is published in FEBS Letters.The article was published on 2014-11-17. It has received 127 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Molecular mimicry & Demyelinating disease.read more
Citations
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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked neurodegenerative disorders
TL;DR: An overview of the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked NDDs has been summarized in this review and the effects of reactive species on mitochondria and their metabolic processes eventually cause a rise in ROS/RNS levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota from multiple sclerosis patients enables spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.
Kerstin Berer,Lisa Ann Gerdes,Egle Cekanaviciute,Xiaoming Jia,Liang Xiao,Zhongkui Xia,Liu Chuan,Luisa Klotz,Uta Stauffer,Sergio E. Baranzini,Tania Kümpfel,Reinhard Hohlfeld,Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy,Hartmut Wekerle +13 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that MS-derived microbiota contain factors that precipitate an MS-like autoimmune disease in a transgenic mouse model, and the results offer functional evidence that human microbiome components contribute to CNS-specific autoimmunity.
Journal ArticleDOI
The gut microbiome in human neurological disease: A review.
TL;DR: This review provides an overview of the recent advances in microbiome research in relation to neuro(auto)immune and neurodegenerative conditions affecting humans, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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The role of the gut microbiome in systemic inflammatory disease
TL;DR: This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical evidence on how dietary, probiotic, prebiotic, and microbiome based therapeutics affect the understanding of wellness and disease, particularly in autoimmunity.
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Gut microbiota in early pediatric multiple sclerosis: a case-control study.
Helen Tremlett,Douglas Fadrosh,Ali A. Faruqi,Feng Zhu,Janace Hart,Shelly Roalstad,Jennifer Graves,Susan V. Lynch,Emmanuelle Waubant +8 more
TL;DR: Microbial community profiles were compared between early onset pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) and control children similar for age and sex.
References
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Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
Lawrence A. David,Corinne F. Maurice,Rachel N. Carmody,David B. Gootenberg,Julie E. Button,Benjamin E. Wolfe,Alisha V. Ling,A. Sloan Devlin,Yug Varma,Michael A. Fischbach,Sudha B. Biddinger,Rachel J. Dutton,Peter J. Turnbaugh +12 more
TL;DR: Increases in the abundance and activity of Bilophila wadsworthia on the animal-based diet support a link between dietary fat, bile acids and the outgrowth of microorganisms capable of triggering inflammatory bowel disease.
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The human microbiome project.
Peter J. Turnbaugh,Ruth E. Ley,Micah Hamady,Claire M. Fraser-Liggett,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +5 more
TL;DR: A strategy to understand the microbial components of the human genetic and metabolic landscape and how they contribute to normal physiology and predisposition to disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prokaryotes: The unseen majority
TL;DR: The number of prokaryotes and the total amount of their cellular carbon on earth are estimated to be 4-6 x 10(30) cells and 350-550 Pg of C (1 Pg = 10(15) g), respectively, which is 60-100% of the estimated total carbon in plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of Intestinal Th17 Cells by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria
Ivaylo I. Ivanov,Koji Atarashi,Nicolas Manel,Eoin L. Brodie,Tatsuichiro Shima,Ulas Karaoz,Dongguang Wei,Katherine C. Goldfarb,Clark A. Santee,Susan V. Lynch,Takeshi Tanoue,Akemi Imaoka,Kikuji Itoh,Kiyoshi Takeda,Yoshinori Umesaki,Kenya Honda,Dan R. Littman +16 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that colonisation of mice with a segmented filamentous bacterium (SFB) is sufficient to induce the appearance of CD4+ T helper cells that produce IL-17 and IL-22 (Th17 cells) in the lamina propria.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbial Metabolites, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Regulate Colonic Treg Cell Homeostasis
Patrick M. Smith,Michael R. Howitt,Nicolai Panikov,Monia Michaud,Carey Ann Gallini,Mohammad Bohlooly-Y,Jonathan N. Glickman,Wendy S. Garrett +7 more
TL;DR: This study determined that short-chain fatty acids, gut microbiota–derived bacterial fermentation products, regulate the size and function of the colonic Treg pool and protect against colitis in a Ffar2-dependent manner in mice, revealing that a class of abundant microbial metabolites underlies adaptive immune microbiota coadaptation and promotes colonic homeostasis and health.
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