MicroRNAs and Potential Targets in Osteosarcoma: Review
TLDR
It is suggested a global approach to the understanding of the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma may identify candidate miRNAs as promising biomarkers for this rare disease.Abstract:
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in children and young adults. Surgery and multi-agent chemotherapy are the standard treatment regimens for this disease. New therapies are being investigated to improve overall survival in patients. Molecular targets that actively modulate cell processes, such as cell-cycle control, cell proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis, have been studied, but it remains a challenge to develop novel, effective-targeted therapies to treat this heterogeneous and complex disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating cell processes including growth, development, and disease. miRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate gene and protein expression. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma with the potential for development in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs and their target genes and evaluate their potential use as therapeutic agents in osteosarcoma. We also summarize the efficacy of inhibition of oncogenic miRNAs or expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs in preclinical models of osteosarcoma. Recent progress on systemic delivery as well as current applications for miRNAs as therapeutic agents has seen the advancement of miR-34a in clinical trials for adult patients with non-resectable primary liver cancer or metastatic cancer with liver involvement. We suggest a global approach to the understanding of the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma may identify candidate miRNAs as promising biomarkers for this rare disease.read more
Citations
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Long noncoding RNA DANCR, working as a competitive endogenous RNA, promotes ROCK1-mediated proliferation and metastasis via decoying of miR-335-5p and miR-1972 in osteosarcoma
TL;DR: LncRNA DANCR work as an oncogene and promoted ROCK1-mediated proliferation and metastasis through acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in osteosarcoma.
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Cell apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis in osteosarcoma treatment
Jing Li,Zuozhang Yang,Yi Li,Junfeng Xia,Dongqi Li,Li Huiling,Mingyan Ren,Yedan Liao,Shunling Yu,Yanjin Chen,Yihao Yang,Ya Zhang +11 more
TL;DR: How these agents (novel compounds, miRNAs, or proteins) regulate apoptotic, autophagic and necroptotic pathways are summarized; and the current knowledge on the role of these new agents in chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
miR-143-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma by targeting FOSL2.
TL;DR: The data indicated that miR-143-3p expression was substantially lower in OS tissues and cell-line compared with normal tissues, and was lower in patients with poor prognosis.
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Circular RNA hsa-circ-0016347 promotes proliferation, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells.
TL;DR: This study demonstrated that circ-0016347 acted as a positive regulator in osteosarcoma cells proliferation and invasion and was identified as a sponge of miR-214 that upregulated the expression of caspase-1, which is the functional target of miRNAs.
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The role of extracelluar matrix in osteosarcoma progression and metastasis.
TL;DR: Current developments outlining how the ECM contributes to OS progression and metastasis with supporting mechanisms are summarized and the potential of tumorigenic ECM elements as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the evolving clinical management of OS is illustrated.
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