microRNAs in Human Cancer
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
A critical overview of miRNA dysregulation in cancer is provided, first discussing the methods currently available for studying the role of miRNAs in cancer and then reviewing miRNA genomic organization, biogenesis, and mechanism of target recognition.Abstract:
Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNA molecules of 20–23-nucleotide (nt) length that control gene expression in many cellular processes. These molecules typically reduce the translation and stability of mRNAs, including those of genes that mediate processes in tumorigenesis, such as inflammation, cell cycle regulation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and invasion. miRNA targeting is initiated through specific base-pairing interactions between the 5′ end (“seed” region) of the miRNA and sites within coding and untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs; target sites in the 3′ UTR lead to more effective mRNA destabilization. Since miRNAs frequently target hundreds of mRNAs, miRNA regulatory pathways are complex. To provide a critical overview of miRNA dysregulation in cancer, we first discuss the methods currently available for studying the role of miRNAs in cancer and then review miRNA genomic organization, biogenesis, and mechanism of target recognition, examining how these processes are altered in tumorigenesis. Given the critical role miRNAs play in tumorigenesis processes and their disease specific expression, they hold potential as therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA): an immeasurable source of knowledge.
TL;DR: The current status of TCGA Research Network structure, purpose, and achievements are discussed, to provide publicly available datasets to help improve diagnostic methods, treatment standards, and finally to prevent cancer.
Journal Article
Breast cancer intrinsic subtype classification, clinical use and future trends
TL;DR: A review of the existing intrinsic subtypes, patient clinical features and management, commercial signature panels, as well as various information used for tumor classification, improves understandings towards breast cancer intrinsic classification, current status on clinical application, and future trends.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA related polymorphisms and breast cancer risk
Sofia Khan,Dario Greco,Dario Greco,Kyriaki Michailidou,Roger L. Milne,Roger L. Milne,Taru A. Muranen,Tuomas Heikkinen,Kirsimari Aaltonen,Joe Dennis,Manjeet K. Bolla,Jianjun Liu,Per Hall,Astrid Irwanto,Keith Humphreys,Jingmei Li,Kamila Czene,Jenny Chang-Claude,Rebecca Hein,Anja Rudolph,Petra Seibold,Dieter Flesch-Janys,Olivia Fletcher,Julian Peto,Isabel dos Santos Silva,Nichola Johnson,Lorna Gibson,Zoe Aitken,John L. Hopper,Helen Tsimiklis,Minh Bui,Enes Makalic,Daniel F. Schmidt,Melissa C. Southey,Carmel Apicella,Jennifer Stone,Quinten Waisfisz,Hanne Meijers-Heijboer,Muriel A. Adank,Rob B. van der Luijt,Alfons Meindl,Rita K. Schmutzler,Bertram Müller-Myhsok,Peter Lichtner,Clare Turnbull,Nazneen Rahman,Stephen J. Chanock,David J. Hunter,Angela Cox,Simon S. Cross,Malcolm W.R. Reed,Marjanka K. Schmidt,Annegien Broeks,Laura Van't Veer,Frans B. L. Hogervorst,Peter A. Fasching,Michael G. Schrauder,Arif B. Ekici,Matthias W. Beckmann,Stig E. Bojesen,Børge G. Nordestgaard,Sune F. Nielsen,Henrik Flyger,Javier Benitez,Pilar Zamora,Jose Ignacio Arias Perez,Christopher A. Haiman,Brian E. Henderson,Fredrick R. Schumacher,Loic Le Marchand,Paul D.P. Pharoah,Alison M. Dunning,Mitul Shah,Robert Luben,Judith E. Brown,Fergus J. Couch,Xianshu Wang,Celine M. Vachon,Janet E. Olson,Diether Lambrechts,Matthieu Moisse,Robert Paridaens,Marie-Rose Christiaens,Pascal Guénel,Thérèse Truong,Pierre Laurent-Puig,Claire Mulot,F Marmé,Barbara Burwinkel,Andreas Schneeweiss,Christof Sohn,Elinor J. Sawyer,Ian Tomlinson,Michael J. Kerin,Nicola Miller,Irene L. Andrulis,Julia A. Knight,Sandrine Tchatchou,Anna Marie Mulligan,Thilo Dörk,Natalia Bogdanova,Natalia Antonenkova,Hoda Anton-Culver,Hatef Darabi,Mikael Eriksson,Montserrat Garcia-Closas,Jonine D. Figueroa,Jolanta Lissowska,Louise A. Brinton,Peter Devilee,Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar,Caroline Seynaeve,Christi J. van Asperen,Vessela N. Kristensen,Susan L. Slager,Amanda E. Toland,Christine B. Ambrosone,Drakoulis Yannoukakos,Annika Lindblom,Sara Margolin,Paolo Radice,Paolo Peterlongo,Monica Barile,Paolo Mariani,Maartje J. Hooning,John W.M. Martens,J. Margriet Collée,Agnes Jager,Anna Jakubowska,Jan Lubinski,Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek,Katarzyna Durda,Graham G. Giles,Catriona McLean,Hiltrud Brauch,Thomas Brüning,Yon-Dschun Ko,Hermann Brenner,Aida Karina Dieffenbach,Volker Arndt,Christa Stegmaier,Anthony J. Swerdlow,Alan Ashworth,Nick Orr,Michael Jones,Jacques Simard,Mark S. Goldberg,Martine Dumont,Robert Winqvist,Katri Pylkäs,Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen,Mervi Grip,Vesa Kataja,Veli-Matti Kosma,Jaana M. Hartikainen,Arto Mannermaa,Ute Hamann,Georgia Chenevix-Trench,Carl Blomqvist,Kristiina Aittomäki,Douglas F. Easton,Heli Nevanlinna +161 more
TL;DR: Five miRNA binding site SNPs associated significantly with breast cancer risk are located in the 3′ UTR of CASP8, HDDC3, DROSHA, MUSTN1, and MYCL1, respectively, which belongs to miRNA machinery genes and has a central role in initial miRNA processing.
MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
TL;DR: In this article, a review outlines the current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals and discusses the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Versatile Role of microRNA-30a in Human Cancer
TL;DR: Recent research regarding miR-30a is summarized, including its biological function, expression and regulation, especially focusing on its role in cancer development and progression, which may serve as a potential target in the diagnosis and therapy of human cancer.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function
TL;DR: Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data.
TL;DR: EdgeR as mentioned in this paper is a Bioconductor software package for examining differential expression of replicated count data, which uses an overdispersed Poisson model to account for both biological and technical variability and empirical Bayes methods are used to moderate the degree of overdispersion across transcripts, improving the reliability of inference.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
TL;DR: The current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals is outlined and the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significance analysis of microarrays applied to the ionizing radiation response
TL;DR: A method that assigns a score to each gene on the basis of change in gene expression relative to the standard deviation of repeated measurements is described, suggesting that this repair pathway for UV-damaged DNA might play a previously unrecognized role in repairing DNA damaged by ionizing radiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.