Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial Dynamics in Mammalian Health and Disease
TLDR
Findings in the field of mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian cells and their implication in human pathologies have established mitochondrial dynamics as a consolidated area in cellular physiology.Abstract:
The meaning of the word mitochondrion (from the Greek mitos, meaning thread, and chondros, grain) illustrates that the heterogeneity of mitochondrial morphology has been known since the first descriptions of this organelle. Such a heterogeneous morphology is explained by the dynamic nature of mitochondria. Mitochondrial dynamics is a concept that includes the movement of mitochondria along the cytoskeleton, the regulation of mitochondrial architecture (morphology and distribution), and connectivity mediated by tethering and fusion/fission events. The relevance of these events in mitochondrial and cell physiology has been partially unraveled after the identification of the genes responsible for mitochondrial fusion and fission. Furthermore, during the last decade, it has been identified that mutations in two mitochondrial fusion genes (MFN2 and OPA1) cause prevalent neurodegenerative diseases (Charcot-Marie Tooth type 2A and Kjer disease/autosomal dominant optic atrophy). In addition, other diseases such as type 2 diabetes or vascular proliferative disorders show impaired MFN2 expression. Altogether, these findings have established mitochondrial dynamics as a consolidated area in cellular physiology. Here we review the most significant findings in the field of mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian cells and their implication in human pathologies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome
Kiichi Nakahira,Jeffrey A. Haspel,Jeffrey A. Haspel,Vijay A. K. Rathinam,Seon Jin Lee,Tamas Dolinay,Hilaire C. Lam,Joshua A. Englert,Marlene Rabinovitch,Manuela Cernadas,Hong Pyo Kim,Hong Pyo Kim,Katherine A. Fitzgerald,Stefan W. Ryter,Augustine M.K. Choi +14 more
TL;DR: This study suggests that autophagic proteins regulate NALP3-dependent inflammation by preserving mitochondria integrity and cytosolic translocation of mitochondrial DNA in response to lipopolysaccharide and ATP in macrophages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of nutrient utilization and energy expenditure.
TL;DR: Placement of bioenergetic adaptation and quality control as competing tasks of mitochondrial dynamics might provide a new mechanism, linking excess nutrient environment to progressive mitochondrial dysfunction, common to age-related diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial dynamics--mitochondrial fission and fusion in human diseases.
TL;DR: Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics underlie various human diseases, including cancer and neurologic and cardiovascular diseases, and defining the alterations may identify potential therapeutic targets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drosophila Parkin requires PINK1 for mitochondrial translocation and ubiquitinates Mitofusin
TL;DR: It is shown in Drosophila cells that PINK1 is required to recruit Parkin to dysfunctional mitochondria and promote their degradation, and Mfn ubiquitination may provide a mechanism by which terminally damaged mitochondria are labeled and sequestered for degradation by autophagy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial dynamics: overview of molecular mechanisms
TL;DR: An overview of the molecular mechanisms that govern mitochondrial fission and fusion in mammals is described and several members of the machinery can undergo post-translational modifications modulating these processes.
References
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TL;DR: An analytical strategy is introduced, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, designed to detect modest but coordinate changes in the expression of groups of functionally related genes, which identifies a set of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation whose expression is coordinately decreased in human diabetic muscle.
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TL;DR: Effective weight loss was achieved in morbidly obese patients after undergoing bariatric surgery, and a substantial majority of patients with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea experienced complete resolution or improvement.
Journal ArticleDOI
C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin 6, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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