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Neurophysiology and neuropharmacology of cardiovascular regulation and stress

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TLDR
The conclusion is reached that further multidisciplinary research will reveal underlying neurophysiological and neuropharmacological mechanisms responsible for stress induced cardiovascular disease and lead to new methods of treatment.
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This article is published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.The article was published on 1981-03-01. It has received 121 citations till now.

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How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions.

TL;DR: This review considers recent findings regarding GC action and generates criteria for determining whether a particular GC action permits, stimulates, or suppresses an ongoing stress-response or, as an additional category, is preparative for a subsequent stressor.
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Autonomic determinism: the modes of autonomic control, the doctrine of autonomic space, and the laws of autonomic constraint.

TL;DR: A formal 2-dimensional conception of autonomic space is proposed, and a quantitative model for its translation into a functional output surface is derived and has fundamental implications for the direction and interpretation of a wide array of psychophysiological studies.
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Interactions Between Cardiovascular and Pain Regulatory Systems

TL;DR: The present analysis suggests that the inhibition of pain brought about by elevations in either arterial or venous blood pressure may provide a form of psychophysiological relief under situations of stress and contribute to the development of essential hypertension in humans.
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Afferent and efferent connections of the A5 noradrenergic cell group in the rat.

TL;DR: In this article, the supraspinal afferent and efferent connections of the A5 noradrenergic cell group were examined in rats and very small deposits of HRP-WGA were made in the rostral A5 area.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Neurogenic Hypertension in the Rat

TL;DR: The observation that blood pressure measurements made during the first week showed that the rats were hypertensive suggests that in the rat no latent period for the appearance of neurogenic hypertension is present, and to obtain consistently permanent hypertension it was necessary to include in the denervation every baroreceptor route.
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Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus as determined by a retrograde tracing technique.

TL;DR: Following HRP injections into the rat locus coeruleus, forebrain structures containing labelled neurons included the insular cortex, the central nucleus of the amygdala, the medial, lateral and magnocellular preoptic areas, the bed nucleus ofthe stria terminalis, and the dorsomedial, paraventricular and lateral hypothalamic areas.
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A radioautographic study of the efferent pathways of the nucleus locus coeruleus.

TL;DR: The distribution of label from LC provides direct confirmation for connections which have been difficult to visualize in their entirety by any other histological or cytochemical method.
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A new major projection from locus coeruleus: the main source of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the ventral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord.

TL;DR: It was concluded that locus coeruleus innervates almost all parts of the central nervous system in the rat, and a schematic map of the different CA projections to the spinal cord is presented.
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