Journal ArticleDOI
NF-kappa B and Rel proteins: evolutionarily conserved mediators of immune responses
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TLDR
Recently, significant advances have been made in elucidating the details of the pathways through which signals are transmitted to the NF-kappa B:I kappa B complex in the cytosol and their implications for the study of NF-Kappa B.Abstract:
▪ Abstract The transcription factor NF-κB, more than a decade after its discovery, remains an exciting and active area of study. The involvement of NF-κB in the expression of numerous cytokines and adhesion molecules has supported its role as an evolutionarily conserved coordinating element in the organism's response to situations of infection, stress, and injury. Recently, significant advances have been made in elucidating the details of the pathways through which signals are transmitted to the NF-κB:IκB complex in the cytosol. The field now awaits the discovery and characterization of the kinase responsible for the inducible phosphorylation of IκB proteins. Another exciting development has been the demonstration that in certain situations NF-κB acts as an anti-apoptotic protein; therefore, elucidation of the mechanism by which NF-κB protects against cell death is an important goal. Finally, the generation of knockouts of members of the NF-κB/IκB family has allowed the study of the roles of these protein...read more
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Toll-like Receptor-2 Mediates Treponema Glycolipid and Lipoteichoic Acid-induced NF-κB Translocation
Bastian Opitz,Nicolas W.J. Schröder,Ingo Spreitzer,Kathrin S. Michelsen,Carsten J. Kirschning,Werner Hallatschek,Ulrich Zähringer,Thomas Hartung,Ulf B. Göbel,Ralf R. Schumann +9 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that TLR-2 is the main receptor for Treponema glycolipid and LTA-mediated inflammatory response and involvement of the signaling molecules MyD88 and NIK in cell stimulation by LTAs and Glycolipids by dominant negative overexpression experiments is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of nitric oxide in inflammation.
F. S. Laroux,Kevin P. Pavlick,Ian N. Hines,Shigeyuki Kawachi,Hirohisa Harada,Sulaiman Bharwani,Jason M. Hoffman,Matthew B. Grisham +7 more
TL;DR: The current state of knowledge regarding the regulatory mechanisms by which NO can influence various aspects of the inflammatory cascade as well as its role in a model of I/R injury in vivo is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Essential Role of RelB in Germinal Center and Marginal Zone Formation and Proper Expression of Homing Chemokines
TL;DR: Reciprocal bone marrow transfers demonstrate that RelB expression in radiation-resistant stromal cells, but not in bone marrow-derived hemopoietic cells, is required for proper formation of GCs, follicular dendritic cell networks, and MZ structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Positive and Negative Regulation of NF-κB by COX-2 ROLES OF DIFFERENT PROSTAGLANDINS
Brian Poligone,Albert S. Baldwin +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that prostaglandin E(2) and its analogs promote the inherent transcriptional activity of the p65/RelA subunit of NF-kappaB in a manner independent of induced nuclear accumulation, providing a molecular rationale to explain both the pro- and anti-inflammatory nature of COX-2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of constitutive NF-κB activation in human prostate cancer cells
Junghan Suh,Junghan Suh,Faribourz Payvandi,Leonard C. Edelstein,Leonard C. Edelstein,Peter S. Amenta,Wei-Xing Zong,Wei-Xing Zong,Céline Gélinas,Céline Gélinas,Arnold B. Rabson +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a signal transduction pathway involving tyrosine kinases, NIK, and IKK activation was used to suppress NF-κB activity in prostate cancer cells with constitutive activation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
THE NF-κB AND IκB PROTEINS: New Discoveries and Insights
TL;DR: The transcription factor NF-κB has attracted widespread attention among researchers in many fields based on its unusual and rapid regulation, the wide range of genes that it controls, its central role in immunological processes, the complexity of its subunits, and its apparent involvement in several diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein (Toll) is reported, which has been shown to induce the innate immune response in adult Dosophila.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Essential Role for NF-κB in Preventing TNF-α-Induced Cell Death
Amer A. Beg,David Baltimore +1 more
TL;DR: Reintroduction of RelA into RelA−/− fibroblasts resulted in enhanced survival, demonstrating that the presence ofrelA is required for protection from TNF-α.
Journal ArticleDOI
The acute phase response
Heinz Baumann,Jack Gauldie +1 more
TL;DR: This review outlines the principal cellular and molecular mechanisms that control initiation of the tissue response at the site of injury, the recruitment of the systemic defense mechanisms, the acute phase response of the liver and the resolution of the acutephase response.
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