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Nivolumab versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma

TLDR
Overall survival was longer and fewer grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred with nivolumab than with everolimus among patients with previously treated advanced renal-cell carcinoma.
Abstract
BackgroundNivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitor, was associated with encouraging overall survival in uncontrolled studies involving previously treated patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma. This randomized, open-label, phase 3 study compared nivolumab with everolimus in patients with renal-cell carcinoma who had received previous treatment. MethodsA total of 821 patients with advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma for which they had received previous treatment with one or two regimens of antiangiogenic therapy were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to receive 3 mg of nivolumab per kilogram of body weight intravenously every 2 weeks or a 10-mg everolimus tablet orally once daily. The primary end point was overall survival. The secondary end points included the objective response rate and safety. ResultsThe median overall survival was 25.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to not estimable) with nivolumab and 19.6 months (95% CI, 17.6 to 23.1) with everolimus. The haz...

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Phase II trial of pembrolizumab in patients with platinum refractory germ-cell tumors: a Hoosier Cancer Research Network Study GU14-206.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the first study of immunotherapy in patients with GCT and reported that Pembrolizumab is well tolerated but does not appear to have clinically meaningful single agent activity in refractory GCT.
Journal ArticleDOI

Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor Treatment Is Associated With Acute Kidney Injury and Hypocalcemia: Meta-Analysis

TL;DR: Treatment with PD-1 inhibitors is associated with a higher risk of acute kidney injury and an increased risk of hypocalcemia and this study highlights a rare but serious adverse event of anti-PD-1 antibodies.
Journal ArticleDOI

Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in triple negative breast cancer: New discoveries and practical insights for drug development

TL;DR: Recent discoveries related to the underlying biology of the EGFR pathway in TNBC are reviewed, clinical progress to date is reviewed and rational future approaches for investigational therapies in T NBC are suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Gut Microbiome Is Associated with Clinical Response to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

TL;DR: The impact of gut microbiomes on anti–PD-1/PD-L1 outcomes is highlighted, at least in a subset of patients with GI cancer, and the potential of the microbiome as a marker for immune-checkpoint blockade responses is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI

The role of immune checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present emerging clinical data of completed trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors and review ongoing studies and evaluate approaches to improve treatment outcomes through the use of predictive biomarkers and patient selection.
References
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Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.

TL;DR: The GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as mentioned in this paper provides estimates of the worldwide incidence and mortality from 27 major cancers and for all cancers combined for 2012.
Journal ArticleDOI

Categorical Data Analysis

Alan Agresti
- 01 May 1991 - 
TL;DR: In this article, categorical data analysis was used for categorical classification of categorical categorical datasets.Categorical Data Analysis, categorical Data analysis, CDA, CPDA, CDSA
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