Nivolumab versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Robert J. Motzer,Bernard Escudier,David F. McDermott,Saby George,Hans J. Hammers,Sandhya Srinivas,Scott S. Tykodi,Jeffrey A. Sosman,Giuseppe Procopio,Elizabeth R. Plimack,Daniel Castellano,Toni K. Choueiri,Howard Gurney,Frede Donskov,Petri Bono,John Wagstaff,Thomas Gauler,Takeshi Ueda,Yoshihiko Tomita,Fabio A.B. Schutz,Christian Kollmannsberger,James Larkin,Alain Ravaud,Jason S. Simon,Li-an Xu,Ian M. Waxman,Padmanee Sharma +26 more
TLDR
Overall survival was longer and fewer grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred with nivolumab than with everolimus among patients with previously treated advanced renal-cell carcinoma.Abstract:
BackgroundNivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitor, was associated with encouraging overall survival in uncontrolled studies involving previously treated patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma. This randomized, open-label, phase 3 study compared nivolumab with everolimus in patients with renal-cell carcinoma who had received previous treatment. MethodsA total of 821 patients with advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma for which they had received previous treatment with one or two regimens of antiangiogenic therapy were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to receive 3 mg of nivolumab per kilogram of body weight intravenously every 2 weeks or a 10-mg everolimus tablet orally once daily. The primary end point was overall survival. The secondary end points included the objective response rate and safety. ResultsThe median overall survival was 25.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to not estimable) with nivolumab and 19.6 months (95% CI, 17.6 to 23.1) with everolimus. The haz...read more
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High-dimensional single-cell analysis predicts response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy
Carsten Krieg,Malgorzata Nowicka,Malgorzata Nowicka,Silvia Guglietta,Sabrina Schindler,Felix J. Hartmann,Lukas M. Weber,Lukas M. Weber,Reinhard Dummer,Mark D. Robinson,Mark D. Robinson,Mitchell P. Levesque,Burkhard Becher +12 more
TL;DR: High-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry and a bioinformatics pipeline are used for the in-depth characterization of the immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with stage IV melanoma before and after 12 weeks of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy to propose that the frequency of monocytes in PBMCs may serve in clinical decision support.
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Combination of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockers for treatment of cancer
TL;DR: This review aims to support future research in combination immunotherapy by discussing the basic details of CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways and the results from clinical studies that evaluated combination of CT LA4 andPD-1/PD-L1 blockers.
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Microbiome-derived inosine modulates response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy
Lukas F. Mager,Regula Burkhard,Nicola Pett,Noah C. A. Cooke,Kirsty Brown,Hena R. Ramay,Seungil Paik,John Stagg,Ryan A. Groves,Marco Gallo,Ian A. Lewis,Markus B. Geuking,Kathy D. McCoy +12 more
TL;DR: This study isolated three bacterial species—Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Olsenella species—that significantly enhanced efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in four mouse models of cancer, and identifies a previously unknown microbial metabolite immune pathway activated by immunotherapy that may be exploited to develop microbial-based adjuvant therapies.
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Kidney Cancer, Version 2.2017, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Robert J. Motzer,Eric Jonasch,Neeraj Agarwal,Sam B. Bhayani,William P Bro,Sam S. Chang,Toni K. Choueiri,Brian A. Costello,Ithaar Derweesh,Mayer Fishman,Thomas H. Gallagher,John L. Gore,Steven L. Hancock,Michael R. Harrison,Won Kim,Christos Kyriakopoulos,Chad A. LaGrange,Elaine T. Lam,Clayton Lau,M. Dror Michaelson,Thomas Olencki,Phillip M. Pierorazio,Elizabeth R. Plimack,Bruce G. Redman,Brian Shuch,Brad Somer,Guru Sonpavde,Jeffrey A. Sosman,Mary A. Dwyer,Rashmi Kumar +29 more
TL;DR: The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer provide multidisciplinary recommendations for the clinical management of patients with clear cell and non-clear cell renal carcinoma.
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MHC-II neoantigens shape tumour immunity and response to immunotherapy
Elise Alspach,Danielle M. Lussier,Alexander P. Miceli,Ilya Kizhvatov,Michel DuPage,Michel DuPage,Adrienne M. Luoma,Wei Meng,Cheryl F. Lichti,Ekaterina Esaulova,Anthony N. Vomund,Daniele Runci,Jeffrey P. Ward,Matthew M. Gubin,Ruan F.V. Medrano,Cora D. Arthur,J. Michael White,Kathleen C. F. Sheehan,Alexander Chen,Kai W. Wucherpfennig,Tyler Jacks,Emil R. Unanue,Maxim N. Artyomov,Robert D. Schreiber +23 more
TL;DR: It is shown that spontaneous and immunotherapy-induced anti-tumour responses require the activity of both tumour-antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, even in tumours that do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules.
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TL;DR: Among patients with advanced, previously treated squamous-cell NSCLC, overall survival, response rate, and progression-free survival were significantly better with nivolumab than with docetaxel, regardless of PD-L1 expression level.
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