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Nivolumab versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma

TLDR
Overall survival was longer and fewer grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred with nivolumab than with everolimus among patients with previously treated advanced renal-cell carcinoma.
Abstract
BackgroundNivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitor, was associated with encouraging overall survival in uncontrolled studies involving previously treated patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma. This randomized, open-label, phase 3 study compared nivolumab with everolimus in patients with renal-cell carcinoma who had received previous treatment. MethodsA total of 821 patients with advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma for which they had received previous treatment with one or two regimens of antiangiogenic therapy were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to receive 3 mg of nivolumab per kilogram of body weight intravenously every 2 weeks or a 10-mg everolimus tablet orally once daily. The primary end point was overall survival. The secondary end points included the objective response rate and safety. ResultsThe median overall survival was 25.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to not estimable) with nivolumab and 19.6 months (95% CI, 17.6 to 23.1) with everolimus. The haz...

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Chemokines and cancer: new immune checkpoints for cancer therapy.

TL;DR: It is shown that CXCL10 acts on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity, and it is suggested that blocking the CCR8-CCL1 interaction, alone or combined with other immune checkpoint inhibitors, as an approach to treat malignant diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Response to salvage chemotherapy after progression on immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

TL;DR: In R/M SCCHN, the ORR to SCT was high (30%) suggesting that exposure to ICI may increase tumour sensitivity to chemotherapy, and the age at SCT, number of prior chemotherapy regimens, type of chemotherapy before ICI, best response to ICi, site of relapse and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group at S CT were not associated with response to S CT on univariate analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI

Oral mucosal changes induced by anticancer targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors

TL;DR: This review provides the first available structured data on oral toxicities induced by the new recently FDA- and EMA-approved monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1, and discusses clinical management of these targeted therapy-related oral changes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Augmenting Anticancer Immunity Through Combined Targeting of Angiogenic and PD-1/PD-L1 Pathways: Challenges and Opportunities

TL;DR: The principle mechanisms of VEGF-mediated immunosuppression studied in preclinical models or as part of translational clinical studies are discussed and how these concepts and approaches can be further incorporated into clinical practice to improve immunotherapy outcomes for patients with cancer are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.

TL;DR: The GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as mentioned in this paper provides estimates of the worldwide incidence and mortality from 27 major cancers and for all cancers combined for 2012.
Journal ArticleDOI

Categorical Data Analysis

Alan Agresti
- 01 May 1991 - 
TL;DR: In this article, categorical data analysis was used for categorical classification of categorical categorical datasets.Categorical Data Analysis, categorical Data analysis, CDA, CPDA, CDSA
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