Quantitative Analysis of NAD Synthesis-Breakdown Fluxes.
Ling Liu,Ling Liu,Xiaoyang Su,Xiaoyang Su,William J. Quinn,Sheng Hui,Kristin A. Krukenberg,Kristin A. Krukenberg,David W. Frederick,Philip Redpath,Le Zhan,Karthikeyani Chellappa,Eileen White,Marie E. Migaud,Marie E. Migaud,Timothy J. Mitchison,Joseph A. Baur,Joshua D. Rabinowitz,Joshua D. Rabinowitz +18 more
TLDR
Flux analysis can reveal tissue-specific NAD metabolism and isotope-tracer methods for NAD flux quantitation are presented, which have shown versatility across tissues.About:
This article is published in Cell Metabolism.The article was published on 2018-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 324 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Nicotinamide riboside & NAD+ kinase.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing
Anthony J. Covarrubias,Anthony J. Covarrubias,Rosalba Perrone,Alessia Grozio,Eric Verdin,Eric Verdin +5 more
TL;DR: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for redox reactions, making it central to energy metabolism and is also an essential cofactor for non-redox NAD+-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins, CD38 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
NAD + homeostasis in health and disease
TL;DR: The basics of NAD+ biochemistry and metabolism, and its roles in health and disease, are reviewed, and current challenges and the future translational potential are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
NAD+ metabolism: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
Na Xie,Lu Zhang,Wei Gao,Canhua Huang,Canhua Huang,Peter E. Huber,Xiaobo Zhou,Changlong Li,Guobo Shen,Bingwen Zou,Bingwen Zou +10 more
TL;DR: Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NAD -regulated physiological responses to stresses, the contribution of NAD + deficiency to various diseases via manipulating cellular communication networks and the potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
De novo NAD + synthesis enhances mitochondrial function and improves health
Elena Katsyuba,Adrienne Mottis,Marika Zietak,Marika Zietak,Francesca De Franco,Vera van der Velpen,Karim Gariani,Karim Gariani,Dongryeol Ryu,Dongryeol Ryu,Lucia Cialabrini,Olli Matilainen,Olli Matilainen,Paride Liscio,Nicola Giacchè,Nadine Stokar-Regenscheit,Nadine Stokar-Regenscheit,David Legouis,Sophie de Seigneux,Julijana Ivanisevic,Nadia Raffaelli,Kristina Schoonjans,Roberto Pellicciari,Johan Auwerx +23 more
TL;DR: Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase increases NAD+ and improves mitochondrial function in nematodes and mice, and may have therapeutic potential in kidney and liver disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophage de novo NAD+ synthesis specifies immune function in aging and inflammation.
Paras S. Minhas,Ling Liu,Peter K. Moon,Amit Joshi,Christopher Dove,Siddhita D. Mhatre,Kévin Contrepois,Qian Wang,Brittany A. Lee,Michael Coronado,Daniel Bernstein,Michael Snyder,Marie E. Migaud,Ravindra Majeti,Daria Mochly-Rosen,Joshua D. Rabinowitz,Katrin I. Andreasson +16 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cell-autonomous generation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide via the kynurenine pathway (KP) regulates macrophage immune function in aging and inflammation and increasing de novo NAD+ generation in immune-challenged or aged macrophages restored oxidative phosphorylation and homeostatic immune responses.
References
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Poly(ADP-ribose): novel functions for an old molecule.
TL;DR: The addition to proteins of the negatively charged polymer of ADP-ribose (PAR), which is synthesized by PAR polymerases (PARPs) from NAD+, is a unique post-translational modification that regulates not only cell survival and cell-death programmes, but also an increasing number of other biological functions with which novel members of the PARP family have been associated.
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Mammalian sirtuins: biological insights and disease relevance.
TL;DR: There have been major advances in the understanding of the enzymology of sirtuins, their regulation, and their ability to broadly improve mammalian physiology and health span, and the challenges that will confront the field in the coming years are discussed.
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PARP inhibition: PARP1 and beyond
TL;DR: What is known about the structures and functions of the family ofPARP enzymes are reviewed, and a series of questions that should be addressed are outlined to guide the rational development of PARP inhibitors as anticancer agents.
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Glucose feeds the TCA cycle via circulating lactate.
Sheng Hui,Jonathan M. Ghergurovich,Raphael J. Morscher,Cholsoon Jang,Xin Teng,Wenyun Lu,Lourdes A Esparza,Tannishtha Reya,Le Zhan,Jessie Yanxiang Guo,Eileen White,Joshua D. Rabinowitz,Joshua D. Rabinowitz +12 more
TL;DR: It is found that lactate can be a primary source of carbon for the TCA cycle and thus of energy, and during the fasted state, the contribution of glucose to tissue TCA metabolism is primarily indirect (via circulating lactate) in all tissues except the brain.