Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor.
Jun Lan,Jiwan Ge,Jinfang Yu,Sisi Shan,Huan Zhou,Shilong Fan,Qi Zhang,Xuanling Shi,Qisheng Wang,Linqi Zhang,Xinquan Wang +10 more
TLDR
High-resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS -CoV in complex with ACE2 provide insights into the binding mode of these coronaviruses and highlight essential ACE2-interacting residues.Abstract:
A new and highly pathogenic coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, SARS-CoV-2) caused an outbreak in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, starting from December 2019 that quickly spread nationwide and to other countries around the world1–3. Here, to better understand the initial step of infection at an atomic level, we determined the crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 bound to the cell receptor ACE2. The overall ACE2-binding mode of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD is nearly identical to that of the SARS-CoV RBD, which also uses ACE2 as the cell receptor4. Structural analysis identified residues in the SARS-CoV-2 RBD that are essential for ACE2 binding, the majority of which either are highly conserved or share similar side chain properties with those in the SARS-CoV RBD. Such similarity in structure and sequence strongly indicate convergent evolution between the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs for improved binding to ACE2, although SARS-CoV-2 does not cluster within SARS and SARS-related coronaviruses1–3,5. The epitopes of two SARS-CoV antibodies that target the RBD are also analysed for binding to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, providing insights into the future identification of cross-reactive antibodies. High-resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in complex with ACE2 provide insights into the binding mode of these coronaviruses and highlight essential ACE2-interacting residues.read more
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Molecular structure analyses suggest strategies to therapeutically target SARS-CoV-2.
Yi Zhang,Tatiana G. Kutateladze +1 more
TL;DR: In this commentary, some of the latest studies that provide atomic-resolution structural details imperative for the development of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics are highlighted.
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New Strategy for COVID-19: An Evolutionary Role for RGD Motif in SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Inhibitors for Virus Infection
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SARS-CoV-2: is there neuroinvasion?
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Disease-modifying therapies and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in multiple sclerosis: an expert consensus.
Diego Centonze,Maria A. Rocca,Claudio Gasperini,Ludwig Kappos,Hans-Peter Hartung,Hans-Peter Hartung,Hans-Peter Hartung,Melinda Magyari,Celia Oreja-Guevara,Celia Oreja-Guevara,Maria Trojano,Heinz Wiendl,Massimo Filippi +12 more
TL;DR: A huge vaccination campaign has started around the world since the end of 2020 as mentioned in this paper, which has raised some concerns among neurologists regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) taking immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapies.
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Development and application of therapeutic antibodies against COVID-19.
TL;DR: A review of the progress of therapeutic COVID-19 antibody development and application, discuss corresponding problems and challenges, and suggest new strategies and solutions as discussed by the authors, is presented in this paper.
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