Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor.
Jun Lan,Jiwan Ge,Jinfang Yu,Sisi Shan,Huan Zhou,Shilong Fan,Qi Zhang,Xuanling Shi,Qisheng Wang,Linqi Zhang,Xinquan Wang +10 more
TLDR
High-resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS -CoV in complex with ACE2 provide insights into the binding mode of these coronaviruses and highlight essential ACE2-interacting residues.Abstract:
A new and highly pathogenic coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, SARS-CoV-2) caused an outbreak in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, starting from December 2019 that quickly spread nationwide and to other countries around the world1–3. Here, to better understand the initial step of infection at an atomic level, we determined the crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 bound to the cell receptor ACE2. The overall ACE2-binding mode of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD is nearly identical to that of the SARS-CoV RBD, which also uses ACE2 as the cell receptor4. Structural analysis identified residues in the SARS-CoV-2 RBD that are essential for ACE2 binding, the majority of which either are highly conserved or share similar side chain properties with those in the SARS-CoV RBD. Such similarity in structure and sequence strongly indicate convergent evolution between the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs for improved binding to ACE2, although SARS-CoV-2 does not cluster within SARS and SARS-related coronaviruses1–3,5. The epitopes of two SARS-CoV antibodies that target the RBD are also analysed for binding to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, providing insights into the future identification of cross-reactive antibodies. High-resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in complex with ACE2 provide insights into the binding mode of these coronaviruses and highlight essential ACE2-interacting residues.read more
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Computational investigation on Andrographis paniculata phytochemicals to evaluate their potency against SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to known antiviral compounds in drug trials.
TL;DR: The binding free energy data suggest that AGP3 could be used as a cost-effective drug-analog for treating covid-19 infection in developing countries.
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SARS-CoV-2 receptor Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme type 2 is expressed in human pancreatic islet β-cells and is upregulated by inflammatory stress
Daniela Fignani,Giada Licata,Noemi Brusco,Laura Nigi,Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco,Lorella Marselli,Lut Overbergh,Conny Gysemans,Maikel Luis Colli,Piero Marchetti,Chantal Mathieu,Decio L. Eizirik,Decio L. Eizirik,Guido Sebastiani,Francesco Dotta +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed analysis aimed at evaluating ACE2 expression pattern distribution in human pancreas is still lacking, however, they took advantage of the INNODIA network EUnPOD biobank collection to thoroughly analyse ACE2, both at mRNA and protein level, in multiple human pancreatic tissues.
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The glycosylation in SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor ACE2.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the detections, substrates, biological functions of the glycosylation in SARS-CoV-2 proteins as well as the human receptor ACE2.
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An ACE2 Microbody Containing a Single Immunoglobulin Fc Domain Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2.
Takuya Tada,Chen Fan,Jennifer S. Chen,Ramanjit Kaur,Kenneth A. Stapleford,Harry B. Gristick,Belinda M Dcosta,Craig B. Wilen,Crina M. Nimigean,Nathaniel R. Landau +9 more
TL;DR: An improved soluble ACE2 is reported, termed a “microbody” in which the ACE2 ectodomain is fused to Fc domain 3 of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and it inhibits entry of β coronaviruses and virus with the variant D614G spike.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histopathological findings and clinicopathologic correlation in COVID-19: a systematic review.
Stefania Caramaschi,Meghan E. Kapp,Sara E. Miller,Rosana Eisenberg,Joyce E. Johnson,Garretson Epperly,Antonino Maiorana,Guido Silvestri,Guido Silvestri,Giovanna A. Giannico +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a large number of autopsy studies published since May 2020 have shed light on the pathophysiology of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and a review summarizes the histopathologic findings and clinicopathologic correlations from autopsies and biopsies performed in patients with CoV-19.
References
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TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
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