Journal ArticleDOI
Targeted gene expression as a means of altering cell fates and generating dominant phenotypes.
Andrea H. Brand,Norbert Perrimon +1 more
TLDR
The GAL4 system, a system for targeted gene expression that allows the selective activation of any cloned gene in a wide variety of tissue- and cell-specific patterns, has been designed and used to expand the domain of embryonic expression of the homeobox protein even-skipped.Abstract:
We have designed a system for targeted gene expression that allows the selective activation of any cloned gene in a wide variety of tissue- and cell-specific patterns. The gene encoding the yeast transcriptional activator GAL4 is inserted randomly into the Drosophila genome to drive GAL4 expression from one of a diverse array of genomic enhancers. It is then possible to introduce a gene containing GAL4 binding sites within its promoter, to activate it in those cells where GAL4 is expressed, and to observe the effect of this directed misexpression on development. We have used GAL4-directed transcription to expand the domain of embryonic expression of the homeobox protein even-skipped. We show that even-skipped represses wingless and transforms cells that would normally secrete naked cuticle into denticle secreting cells. The GAL4 system can thus be used to study regulatory interactions during embryonic development. In adults, targeted expression can be used to generate dominant phenotypes for use in genetic screens. We have directed expression of an activated form of the Dras2 protein, resulting in dominant eye and wing defects that can be used in screens to identify other members of the Dras2 signal transduction pathway.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The ETS domain protein Pointed-P2 is a target of MAP kinase in the Sevenless signal transduction pathway
TL;DR: Genetic and biochemical data are presented suggesting that MAP kinase controls neural development through phosphorylation of two antagonizing transcription factors of the ETS family, Van and PntP2.
Journal ArticleDOI
A RhoGEF and Rho family GTPase-activating protein complex links the contractile ring to cortical microtubules at the onset of cytokinesis.
W. Gregory Somers,Robert Saint +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that RacGAP50C-Pavarotti complexes travel on cortical microtubules to the cell equator, where they associate with the Pebble RhoGEF to position contractile ring formation and coordinate F-actin and microtubule remodeling during cytokinesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A versatile vector set for animal transgenesis.
Carsten Horn,Ernst A. Wimmer +1 more
TL;DR: This work presents a versatile vector set for germline transformation based on the promiscuous transposons mariner, Hermes and piggyBac, and introduces a potentially universal marker system comprised of an artificial promoter containing three Pax-6 homodimer binding sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sequential Roles of Cdc42, Par-6, aPKC, and Lgl in the Establishment of Epithelial Polarity during Drosophila Embryogenesis
TL;DR: It is shown that polarity is established shortly after cellularization when Par-6 and the atypical protein kinase C concentrate on the apical side of the newly formed cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using translational enhancers to increase transgene expression in Drosophila
TL;DR: Several well-characterized sequence elements derived from plant and insect viruses are able to function in Drosophila to increase the apparent translational efficiency of mRNAs by as much as 20-fold, rendering expression levels sufficient for genetic constructs previously requiring multiple copies to be effective in single copy.
References
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Book
The Genome of Drosophila Melanogaster
TL;DR: Chromosomes: Deficiencies, Inversions, and Transposable Elements.
Book
The Embryonic Development of Drosophila melanogaster
TL;DR: Stages of Drosophila Embryogenesis, some Aspects of Segmentation, and a Fate Map of the Blastoderm are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
How eukaryotic transcriptional activators work
TL;DR: A specific protein, bound to DNA, can activate transcription of a wide array of genes in many eukaryotes and is controlled by the immune system.
Journal ArticleDOI
A stable genomic source of P element transposase in Drosophila melanogaster.
Hugh M. Robertson,Christine R. Preston,Randall W. Phillis,Dena M. Johnson-Schlitz,Wendy K. Benz,William R. Engels +5 more
TL;DR: A single P element insert in Drosophila melanogaster, called P[ry+ delta 2-3](99B), is described that caused mobilization of other elements at unusually high frequencies, yet is itself remarkably stable.
Book
Drosophila: A Practical Approach
TL;DR: The localisation of RNAs in drosophila tissue sections by in situ hybridisation injecting eggs P element-mediated transformation and Methods of marking cells Cell surface antigens Preparation of nucleic acids.
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