TGF-β and the TGF-β Family: Context-Dependent Roles in Cell and Tissue Physiology
TLDR
TGF-β is introduced as the best-studied factor among the TGF- β family proteins, with its diversity of roles in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing and immune system, and its key roles in pathology, for example, skeletal diseases, fibrosis, and cancer.Abstract:
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the prototype of the TGF-β family of growth and differentiation factors, which is encoded by 33 genes in mammals and comprises homo- and heterodimers. This review introduces the reader to the TGF-β family with its complexity of names and biological activities. It also introduces TGF-β as the best-studied factor among the TGF-β family proteins, with its diversity of roles in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing and immune system, and its key roles in pathology, for example, skeletal diseases, fibrosis, and cancer.read more
Citations
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TGFβ attenuates tumour response to PD-L1 blockade by contributing to exclusion of T cells.
Sanjeev Mariathasan,Shannon J. Turley,Dorothee Nickles,Alessandra Castiglioni,Kobe C. Yuen,Yulei Wang,Edward E. Kadel,Hartmut Koeppen,Jillian L. Astarita,Rafael Cubas,Suchit Jhunjhunwala,Romain Banchereau,Yagai Yang,Yinghui Guan,Cecile Chalouni,James Ziai,Yasin Senbabaoglu,Stephen Santoro,Daniel Sheinson,Jeffrey Hung,Jennifer M. Giltnane,Andrew A. Pierce,Kathryn Mesh,Steve Lianoglou,Johannes Riegler,Richard A.D. Carano,Pontus Eriksson,Mattias Höglund,Loan Somarriba,Daniel L. Halligan,Michiel S. van der Heijden,Yohann Loriot,Jonathan E. Rosenberg,Lawrence Fong,Ira Mellman,Daniel S. Chen,Marjorie C. Green,Christina Louise Derleth,Gregg Fine,Priti S. Hegde,Richard Bourgon,Thomas Powles +41 more
TL;DR: Tumours from a large cohort of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who were treated with an anti-PD-L1 agent were examined and major determinants of clinical outcome were identified and suggested that TGFβ shapes the tumour microenvironment to restrain anti-tumour immunity by restricting T-cell infiltration.
Journal ArticleDOI
New insights into TGF-β/Smad signaling in tissue fibrosis.
TL;DR: An overview of the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in renal, hepatic, pulmonary and cardiac fibrosis is presented and particular challenges are presented and placed within the context of future applications against tissue fibrosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specificity, versatility, and control of TGF-β family signaling.
Rik Derynck,Erine H. Budi +1 more
TL;DR: The exquisite nature of TGF-β family signaling in its roles in diverse and context-specific cellular behaviors is described and the mechanisms through which proteins called Smads act as intracellular effectors of ligand-induced gene expression responses are introduced, showing that the specificity and impressive versatility of Smad signaling depend on cross-talk from other pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tissue-specific contribution of macrophages to wound healing
TL;DR: This review evaluates how macrophages in two fundamentally distinct tissues, i.e. the lung and the skin, differentially contribute to the process of wound healing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Zinc in Wound Healing Modulation.
TL;DR: Investigations on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of zinc in modulating the wound healing process and how these findings can be translated into future clinical management of wound healing are discussed.
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