The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary.
David N. Louis,Arie Perry,Guido Reifenberger,Andreas von Deimling,Dominique Figarella-Branger,Webster K. Cavenee,Hiroko Ohgaki,Otmar D. Wiestler,Paul Kleihues,David W. Ellison +9 more
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The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System is both a conceptual and practical advance over its 2007 predecessor and is hoped that it will facilitate clinical, experimental and epidemiological studies that will lead to improvements in the lives of patients with brain tumors.Abstract:
The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System is both a conceptual and practical advance over its 2007 predecessor. For the first time, the WHO classification of CNS tumors uses molecular parameters in addition to histology to define many tumor entities, thus formulating a concept for how CNS tumor diagnoses should be structured in the molecular era. As such, the 2016 CNS WHO presents major restructuring of the diffuse gliomas, medulloblastomas and other embryonal tumors, and incorporates new entities that are defined by both histology and molecular features, including glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype and glioblastoma, IDH-mutant; diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant; RELA fusion-positive ependymoma; medulloblastoma, WNT-activated and medulloblastoma, SHH-activated; and embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered. The 2016 edition has added newly recognized neoplasms, and has deleted some entities, variants and patterns that no longer have diagnostic and/or biological relevance. Other notable changes include the addition of brain invasion as a criterion for atypical meningioma and the introduction of a soft tissue-type grading system for the now combined entity of solitary fibrous tumor / hemangiopericytoma-a departure from the manner by which other CNS tumors are graded. Overall, it is hoped that the 2016 CNS WHO will facilitate clinical, experimental and epidemiological studies that will lead to improvements in the lives of patients with brain tumors.read more
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
CNN-LSTM: Cascaded Framework For Brain Tumour Classification
TL;DR: A cascade of CNN with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Network is introduced for classification of 3D brain tumor MR images into HG and LG glioma, showing that the features extracted from VGG-16 gave better classification accuracy as compared to the features extracting from AlexNet and ResNet.
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Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor of the Cerebrum: A New “Leave Me Alone” Lesion with a Characteristic Imaging Pattern
Renato Hoffmann Nunes,Charlie Chia-Tsong Hsu,A.J. da Rocha,L.L.F. do Amaral,Luis Filipe de Souza Godoy,Trevor William Watkins,Victor Hugo Rocha Marussi,Monika Warmuth-Metz,Heitor C.B.R. Alves,Fabricio Guimaraes Goncalves,Bette K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters,Anne G. Osborn +11 more
TL;DR: Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor of the cerebrum is a recently reported benign, mixed glial neuronal lesion that is included in the 2016 updated World Health Organization classification of brain neoplasms as a unique cytoarchitectural pattern of gangliocytoma.
Journal ArticleDOI
MRI in Glioma Immunotherapy: Evidence, Pitfalls, and Perspectives
TL;DR: The potential contribution of different aMRI techniques and their indications and pitfalls in relation to biological and imaging features of glioma and immune system interactions are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of the H3K27M mutation on survival in pediatric high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
TL;DR: According to the current literature, pHGG patients positive for the H3K27M mutation are more than 3 times more susceptible to succumbing to this disease by more than 2 years, compared to patients negative for the mutation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Highly specific determination of IDH status using edited in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Francesca Branzoli,Anna Luisa Di Stefano,Laurent Capelle,Chris Ottolenghi,Romain Valabregue,Dinesh K. Deelchand,Franck Bielle,Chiara Villa,Bertrand Baussart,Stéphane Lehéricy,Marc Sanson,Małgorzata Marjańska +11 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that edited MRS is one of the most reliable tools to predict IDH mutation noninvasively, showing high sensitivity and specificity for 2HG detection.
References
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TL;DR: The integration of genomewide data from multiple platforms delineated three molecular classes of lower-grade gliomas that were more concordant with IDH, 1p/19q, and TP53 status than with histologic class.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Subgroups of Medulloblastoma: The Current Consensus
Michael D. Taylor,Paul A. Northcott,Andrey Korshunov,Marc Remke,Marc Remke,Yoon Jae Cho,Steven C. Clifford,Charles G. Eberhart,D. Williams Parsons,Stefan Rutkowski,Amar Gajjar,David W. Ellison,Peter Lichter,Richard J. Gilbertson,Scott L. Pomeroy,Marcel Kool,Stefan M. Pfister,Stefan M. Pfister +17 more
TL;DR: It is anticipated that the molecular classification of medulloblastoma will continue to evolve and diversify in the future as larger cohorts are studied at greater depth, and herein is outlined the current consensus nomenclature, and the differences between the medullOBlastoma subgroups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Somatic histone H3 alterations in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and non-brainstem glioblastomas
Gang Wu,Alberto Broniscer,Troy A. McEachron,Charles Lu,Barbara S. Paugh,Jared Becksfort,Chunxu Qu,Li Ding,Robert Huether,Matthew Parker,Junyuan Zhang,Amar Gajjar,Michael A. Dyer,Charles G. Mullighan,Richard J. Gilbertson,Elaine R. Mardis,Richard K. Wilson,James R. Downing,David W. Ellison,Jinghui Zhang,Suzanne J. Baker +20 more
TL;DR: To identify somatic mutations in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), whole-genome sequencing of DNA from seven DIPGs and matched germline tissue and targeted sequencing of an additional 43 DIPG and 36 non-brainstem pediatric glioblastomas (non-BS-PGs) were performed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population-based studies on incidence, survival rates, and genetic alterations in astrocytic and oligodendroglial gliomas.
Hiroko Ohgaki,Paul Kleihues +1 more
TL;DR: Data is summarized on incidence rates, survival, and genetic alterations from population-based studies of astrocytic and oligodendrogliomas that were carried out in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland to suggest that the acquisition of TP53 mutations in these glioblastoma subtypes may occur through different mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Definition of Primary and Secondary Glioblastoma
Hiroko Ohgaki,Paul Kleihues +1 more
TL;DR: IDH1 mutations are the earliest detectable genetic alteration in precursor low-grade diffuse astrocytomas and in oligodendrogliomas, indicating that these tumors are derived from neural precursor cells that differ from those of primary glioblastomas.
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