The gut microbiome modulates gut-brain axis glycerophospholipid metabolism in a region-specific manner in a nonhuman primate model of depression.
Peng Zheng,Jing Wu,Hanping Zhang,Seth W. Perry,Bangmin Yin,Xunmin Tan,Tingjia Chai,Weiwei Liang,Yu Huang,Yifan Li,Jiajia Duan,Ma-Li Wong,Julio Licinio,Peng Xie +13 more
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TLDR
These findings provide new microbial and metabolic frameworks for understanding the MGB axisʼ role in depression, and suggest that the gut microbiome may participate in the onset of depressive-like behaviors by modulating peripheral and central glycerophospholipid metabolism.Abstract:
Emerging research demonstrates that microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis changes are associated with depression onset, but the mechanisms underlying this observation remain largely unknown. The gut microbiome of nonhuman primates is highly similar to that of humans, and some subordinate monkeys naturally display depressive-like behaviors, making them an ideal model for studying these phenomena. Here, we characterized microbial composition and function, and gut-brain metabolic signatures, in female cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) displaying naturally occurring depressive-like behaviors. We found that both microbial and metabolic signatures of depressive-like macaques were significantly different from those of controls. The depressive-like monkeys had characteristic disturbances of the phylum Firmicutes. In addition, the depressive-like macaques were characterized by changes in three microbial and four metabolic weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) clusters of the MGB axis, which were consistently enriched in fatty acyl, sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These microbial and metabolic modules were significantly correlated with various depressive-like behaviors, thus reinforcing MGB axis perturbations as potential mediators of depression onset. These differential brain metabolites were mainly mapped into the hippocampal glycerophospholipid metabolism in a region-specific manner. Together, these findings provide new microbial and metabolic frameworks for understanding the MGB axis' role in depression, and suggesting that the gut microbiome may participate in the onset of depressive-like behaviors by modulating peripheral and central glycerophospholipid metabolism.read more
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Molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of arketamine: beyond the NMDA receptor.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of (R,S)-ketamine and its potent enantiomer arketamine is presented, and the possible role of the brain-gut-microbiota axis and brain-spleen axis in stress-related psychiatric disorders and in the antidepressant-like action of arketamines.
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Associations between disordered gut microbiota and changes of neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids in depressed mice.
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Honeybee gut Lactobacillus modulates host learning and memory behaviors via regulating tryptophan metabolism
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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
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TL;DR: Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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