Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review
TLDR
It is important to review the toxicological studies to improve the current understanding of the RE compounds in the field of occupational health to establish a sustainable, safe and healthy working environment for RE industries.Abstract:
In concert with the development of new materials in the last decade, the need for toxicological studies of these materials has been increasing. These new materials include a group of rare earths (RE). The use of RE nanotechnology is being considered in some green applications, to increase their efficiency by using nano-sized RE compounds, and therefore hazard evaluation and risk assessment are highly recommended. This review was conducted through an extensive contemplation of the literatures in toxicology with in vitro and in vivo studies. Major aspects reviewed were the toxicological evaluations of these elements and metallic compounds at the molecular and cellular level, animal and human epidemiological studies and environmental and occupational health impacts on workers. We also discuss the future prospect of industries with appliances using RE together with the significance of preventive efforts for workers’ health. To establish a safe and healthy working environment for RE industries, the use of biomarkers is increasing to provide sustainable measure, due to demand for information about the health risks from unfavorable exposures. Given the recent toxicological results on the exposure of cells, animals and workers to RE compounds, it is important to review the toxicological studies to improve the current understanding of the RE compounds in the field of occupational health. This will help to establish a sustainable, safe and healthy working environment for RE industries.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Rare Earth Elements in the Soil Environment
Silvio Junio Ramos,Guilherme Soares Dinali,Cynthia de Oliveira,Gabriel Caixeta Martins,Cristiano Gonçalves Moreira,José Oswaldo Siqueira,Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the main sources of rare earth elements (REE) to soils, the contents of REE in soils worldwide, and relevant information on the effects of these elements to plants were explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extraction and separation of neodymium and dysprosium from used NdFeB magnets: an application of ionic liquids in solvent extraction towards the recycling of magnets
Sofía Riaño,Koen Binnemans +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a procedure for the efficient extraction and separation of rare earths and other valuable elements from used NdFeB permanent magnets is presented, where an iron free leachate is prepared from an used magnet using nitric acid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Magnesium-based composites and alloys for medical applications: A review of mechanical and corrosion properties
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of modern Mg-based biocomposites and alloys for biomedical applications is presented. And the corrosion resistance is related to the stability of deposits and their chemical stability in in vitro and in vitro environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cryptic footprints of rare earth elements on natural resources and living organisms
Muhammad Adeel,Jie Yinn Lee,Muhammad Zain,Muhammad Rizwan,Aamir Nawab,Muhammad Arslan Ahmad,Muhammad Shafiq,Hao Yi,Ghulam Jilani,Rabia Javed,Robert Horton,Yukui Rui,Daniel C.W. Tsang,Baoshan Xing +13 more
TL;DR: An aggressive effort is required for global action to generate more data on REEs, and an urgent need for inter-disciplinary studies about REEs is prescribed in order to identify their toxic effects on both ecosystems and organisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of zirconia-based bioceramic: Surface modification and cellular response
TL;DR: Different surface modification techniques applied to zirconia such as polishing, sandblasting, etching, biofunctionalization, coating, laser treatment, and ultraviolet light treatment are reviewed to deepen the understanding of tissue response to the implant and the tissue regeneration process.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Rare earth nanoparticles prevent retinal degeneration induced by intracellular peroxides
TL;DR: The data indicate that the nanoceria particles may be effective in inhibiting the progression of ROI-induced cell death, which is thought to be involved in macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and other blinding diseases, as well as the ROi-induced death of other cell types in diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, stroke and so on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anti‐inflammatory Properties of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles
Suzanne M. Hirst,Ajay S. Karakoti,Ron Tyler,Nammalwar Sriranganathan,Sudipta Seal,Christopher M. Reilly +5 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that cerium oxide nanoparticles are well tolerated in mice and are incorporated into cellular tissues and therefore serve as a novel therapy for chronic inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Lung Cancer Cells
TL;DR: The cytotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by 20-nm cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles in cultured human lung cancer cells was investigated and it was concluded that free radicals generated by exposure to 3.5 to 23.3 μg/ml CeO2 nanoparticles produce significant oxidative stress in the cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of short-term effects of rare earth and other elements used in magnesium alloys on primary cells and cell lines
Frank Feyerabend,Janine Fischer,Jakob Holtz,Frank Witte,Frank Witte,Regine Willumeit,Heiko Drücker,Carla Vogt,Norbert Hort +8 more
TL;DR: Of the elements with high solubility in magnesium alloys, Gd and Dy seem to be more suitable than Y, and La and Ce showed the highest cytotoxicity of the analysed elements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exposure, health and ecological effects review of engineered nanoscale cerium and cerium oxide associated with its use as a fuel additive.
Flemming R. Cassee,Erna C. van Balen,Charanjeet Singh,David C. Green,Hans Muijser,Jason P. Weinstein,Kevin L. Dreher +6 more
TL;DR: There is an absolute critical need for integrated exposure and toxicological studies in order to accurately assess the environmental, ecological and health implications of nanotechnology enabled diesel fuel additives with existing as well as new engine designs and fuel formulations.
Related Papers (5)
Health effects and toxicity mechanisms of rare earth elements-Knowledge gaps and research prospects.
Exposure, metabolism, and toxicity of rare earths and related compounds.
Seishiro Hirano,Kazuo T. Suzuki +1 more