Journal ArticleDOI
Variability in Fine Structures of Noncellulosic Cell Wall Polysaccharides from Cereal Grains: Potential Importance in Human Health and Nutrition
Helen Collins,Rachel A. Burton,David L. Topping,Ming-Long Liao,Antony Bacic,Geoffrey B. Fincher +5 more
TLDR
The two most nutritionally relevant wall polysaccharides of cereal grains are the arabinoxylans and the (1-3, 1-4)-β-d-glucans as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Noncellulosic polysaccharides from the cell walls of cereal grains are not digested by human small intestinal enzymes and so contribute to total dietary fiber intake. These polysaccharides are becoming recognized increasingly for their potential to lower the risk of serious diet-related conditions such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, colorectal cancer, and diverticular disease. The effectiveness of noncellulosic cell wall polysaccharides in improving health outcomes is related to the fine structure and associated physicochemical properties. The two most nutritionally relevant wall polysaccharides of cereal grains are the arabinoxylans and the (1-3,1-4)-β-d-glucans. These polysaccharides have high molecular mass values but are nevertheless soluble in aqueous media, at least in part, where they adopt highly asymmetrical conformations and consequently form high viscosity solutions. Thus, arabinoxylans and (1-3,1-4)-β-d-glucans contribute to the soluble fiber component of human diets. The...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A physical, genetic and functional sequence assembly of the barley genome
Klaus F. X. Mayer,Robbie Waugh,Peter Langridge,Timothy J. Close,Roger P. Wise,Andreas Graner,Takashi Matsumoto,Kazuhiro Sato,Alan H. Schulman,Ruvini Ariyadasa,Daniela Schulte,Naser Poursarebani,Ruonan Zhou,Burkhard Steuernagel,Martin Mascher,Uwe Scholz,Bu-Jun Shi,Kavitha Madishetty,Jan T. Svensson,Prasanna R. Bhat,Matthew J. Moscou,Josh Resnik,Gary J. Muehlbauer,Pete E. Hedley,Hui Liu,Jenny Morris,Zeev Frenkel,Avraham Korol,Hélène Bergès,Stefan Taudien,Marius Felder,Marco Groth,Matthias Platzer,Axel Himmelbach,Stefano Lonardi,Denisa Duma,Matthew Alpert,Francesa Cordero,Francesa Cordero,Marco Beccuti,Gianfranco Ciardo,Yaqin Ma,Steve Wanamaker,Federica Cattonaro,Vera Vendramin,Simone Scalabrin,Slobodanka Radovic,Rod A. Wing,Michele Morgante,Thomas Nussbaumer,Heidrun Gundlach,Mihaela Martis,Jesse Poland,Matthias Pfeifer,Cédric Moisy,Jaakko Tanskanen,Andrea Zuccolo,Manuel Spannagl,Joanne Russell,Arnis Druka,David Marshall,Micha Bayer,David Swarbreck,Dharanya Sampath,Sarah Ayling,Melanie Febrer,Mario Caccamo,Tsuyoshi Tanaka,Steve Wannamaker,Thomas Schmutzer,John W. S. Brown,John W. S. Brown,Geoffrey B. Fincher,Nils Stein +73 more
TL;DR: An integrated and ordered physical, genetic and functional sequence resource that describes the barley gene-space in a structured whole-genome context and suggests that post-transcriptional processing forms an important regulatory layer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determining the polysaccharide composition of plant cell walls
TL;DR: Analysis time will vary depending on both the method used and the tissue type, and ranges from 2 d for a simple neutral sugar composition to 2 weeks for a carboxyl reduction/methylation linkage analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneity in the chemistry, structure and function of plant cell walls
TL;DR: The origins of cell wall heterogeneity are considered and contributing factors that are inherent in the molecular mechanisms of polysaccharide biosynthesis are identified and are crucial for the changing biological functions of the wall during growth and development are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Over-expression of specific HvCslF cellulose synthase-like genes in transgenic barley increases the levels of cell wall (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans and alters their fine structure.
Rachel A. Burton,Helen Collins,Natalie A. J. Kibble,Jessica Anne Smith,Neil J. Shirley,Stephen A. Jobling,Marilyn Henderson,Rohan Singh,Filomena Pettolino,Sarah M. Wilson,Anthony R. Bird,David L. Topping,Antony Bacic,Geoffrey B. Fincher +13 more
TL;DR: Altering (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan levels in grain and vegetative tissues will have potential applications in human health, and in tailoring the composition of biomass cell walls for the production of bioethanol from cereal crop residues and grasses.
Journal ArticleDOI
The draft genome of Tibetan hulless barley reveals adaptive patterns to the high stressful Tibetan Plateau
Xingquan Zeng,Hai Long,Zhuo Wang,Shancen Zhao,Yawei Tang,Zhiyong Huang,Yulin Wang,Qijun Xu,Likai Mao,Guangbing Deng,Xiaoming Yao,Xiangfeng Li,Li-Jun Bai,Hongjun Yuan,Zhifen Pan,Liu Renjian,Xin Chen,QiMei WangMu,Ming Chen,Lili Yu,Junjun Liang,DaWa DunZhu,Yuan Zheng,Shuiyang Yu,Zhaxi Luobu,Xuanmin Guang,Jiang Li,Cao Deng,Wushu Hu,Chunhai Chen,XiongNu TaBa,Liyun Gao,Xiaodan Lv,Yuval Ben Abu,Xiaodong Fang,Eviatar Nevo,Maoqun Yu,Jun Wang,Jun Wang,Nyima Tashi +39 more
TL;DR: The draft genome of Tibetan hulless barley provides a robust framework to better understand Poaceae evolution and a substantial basis for functional genomics of crop species with a large genome.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Colonic Function: Roles of Resistant Starch and Nonstarch Polysaccharides
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women
TL;DR: Weight gain was inversely associated with the intake of high-fiber, whole-grain foods but positively related to the intakeof refined- grain foods, which indicated the importance of distinguishing whole- grain products from refined-grain products to aid in weight control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arabinoxylans and Endoxylanases in Wheat Flour Bread-making
TL;DR: For the past 50 years the function of arabinoxylans in bread-making has been the subject of much debate and controversy as discussed by the authors, and a survey of the relevant work is presented in this paper.