Central Economics and Mathematics Institute

About: Central Economics and Mathematics Institute is a facility organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Foreign-exchange reserves. The organization has 297 authors who have published 580 publications receiving 6449 citations. The organization is also known as: Federal State Institution of Science Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Hedging and Liquidation under Transaction Costs in Currency Markets

Abstract: We consider a general semimartingale model of a currency market with transaction costs and give a description of the initial endowments which allow to hedge a contingent claim in various currencies by a self-financing portfolio. As an application we obtain a result on the structure of optimal strategies for the problem of maximizing expected utility from terminal wealth.

Developing New Measurements of State Institutional Capacity

Abstract: According to a narrow definition, institutional capacity of the state is the ability of the government to enforce laws and regulations. There are a lot of subjective indices (control over corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness, etc.) that are designed to measure the state institutional capacity and are based on experts’ estimates. The logical objective measures of the state institutional capacity are the murder rate – non-compliance with the state’s monopoly on violence, and the shadow economy – non compliance with the economic regulations. It appears that political regime (democratic or authoritarian) matters for the subjective ranking. It could be shown, for instance, that out of two countries with the same murder rate, government effectiveness is higher in countries that were more democratic in the past (1970s-1990s on average) and in the year (2002) when government effectiveness was measured. This result holds for all other five World Bank subjective indices of institutional capacity – rule of law, control over corruption, voice and accountability, political stability and regulation quality. And they hold also for the share of shadow economy: out of two countries with the same share of shadow economy, government effectiveness is higher in a more democratic one.

Information Resources for Evaluating the Development of Research Direction—`Fullerenes'

Abstract: The intent of the paper is to evaluate the progress of RD of ROSPATENT (patents), and of the Russian Higher Certification Commission (dissertation abstracts). Together with bibliometric statistics, institutional structure and socioeconomic problems of the scientific field development are considered.

Structure of demand and consistent conjectural variations equilibrium (CCVE) in a mixed oligopoly model

Abstract: We study conjectured variations equilibrium (CVE) in a model of mixed oligopoly with not necessarily continuous demand functions. The agents’ conjectures concern the price variations depending upon their production output increase or decrease. We establish the existence and uniqueness results for the CVE (called exterior equilibrium) for any set of feasible conjectures. To introduce the notion of interior equilibrium, we develop a consistency criterion for the conjectures (referred to as influence coefficients) and prove the existence theorem for the interior equilibrium (understood as CVE with consistent conjectures, or CCVE). In addition, we also examine the behavior of the consistent conjectures as functions of a parameter representing the demand’s derivative with respect to the market price. The latter results allow one to predict the behavior of groups of consumers with different consumption abilities. The proposed techniques permit one to develop a qualitative description of the dependence of the market price on the active demand component, too. It should be noticed that due to the non-smoothness of the demand function, there is possibly a path dependency and indeterminacy of equilibria in certain cases. This is, on the one hand, a theoretically inconvenient result (multiple equilibria), but on the other hand, it may happen to be extremely useful for applications. Indeed, the latter multiplicity of equilibria might serve as a rationale for the regulatory intervention to induce a change of equilibrium whenever the total welfare could be improved (cf., for example, the Keynesian stimulus).

Income Inequalities in Perspective

Abstract: Income and wealth inequalities in most countries – in the West, the former communist economies and in the developing world –have been on the rise in the last three decades with some notable exceptions. Inequalities in the nineteenth century were much higher than before the Industrial Revolution. Following the rise of workers’ movements in the West and the 1917 Bolshevik revolution, the growth of inequalities in the previous century was reversed for over half a century until the 1980s as the threat of the spread of communism inspired welfarist and redistributive reforms, giving capitalism a more human face. Such checks and balances have been greatly weakened in recent decades, even though improved economic performance in many developing countries, including sub-Saharan Africa in the last decade, contributed to some convergence of incomes between rich and poor countries.