Institution
Emory University
Education•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Emory University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 51959 authors who have published 122469 publications receiving 6010698 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Health care, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Stochastic methylation variation of the same cDMRs, distinguishing cancer from normal tissue, is shown in colon, lung, breast, thyroid and Wilms' tumors, with intermediate variation in adenomas.
Abstract: Tumor heterogeneity is a major barrier to effective cancer diagnosis and treatment. We recently identified cancer-specific differentially DNA-methylated regions (cDMRs) in colon cancer, which also distinguish normal tissue types from each other, suggesting that these cDMRs might be generalized across cancer types. Here we show stochastic methylation variation of the same cDMRs, distinguishing cancer from normal tissue, in colon, lung, breast, thyroid and Wilms' tumors, with intermediate variation in adenomas. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing shows these variable cDMRs are related to loss of sharply delimited methylation boundaries at CpG islands. Furthermore, we find hypomethylation of discrete blocks encompassing half the genome, with extreme gene expression variability. Genes associated with the cDMRs and large blocks are involved in mitosis and matrix remodeling, respectively. We suggest a model for cancer involving loss of epigenetic stability of well-defined genomic domains that underlies increased methylation variability in cancer that may contribute to tumor heterogeneity.
1,032 citations
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TL;DR: The demands and influences of the environmental movement are evident in the dollar value size of the world's largest companies as mentioned in this paper, as well as the changes in the landscape in which global organizations compete.
Abstract: Environmental concerns have begun to reshape the landscape in which global organizations compete. The demands and influences of the environmental movement are evident in the dollar value size of th...
1,032 citations
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TL;DR: In patients with malignant melanoma, pretreatment with paroxetine appears to be an effective strategy for minimizing depression induced by interferon alfa.
Abstract: Background Depression commonly complicates treatment with the cytokine interferon alfa-2b. Laboratory animals pretreated with antidepressants have less severe depression-like symptoms after the administration of a cytokine. We sought to determine whether a similar strategy would be effective in humans. Methods In a double-blind study of 40 patients with malignant melanoma who were eligible for high-dose interferon alfa therapy, we randomly assigned 20 patients to receive the antidepressant paroxetine and 20 to receive placebo. The treatment was begun 2 weeks before the initiation of interferon alfa and continued for the first 12 weeks of interferon alfa therapy. Results During the first 12 weeks of interferon alfa therapy, symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of major depression developed in 2 of 18 patients in the paroxetine group (11 percent) and 9 of 20 patients in the placebo group (45 percent) (relative risk, 0.24; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.93). Severe depression necessitated the disc...
1,031 citations
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TL;DR: Neuroendocrine data provide evidence of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, including alterations in behavior, insulin sensitivity, bone metabolism, and acquired immune responses.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Previous theories have emphasized the role of excessive glucocorticoid activity in the pathology of chronic stress. Nevertheless, insufficient glucocorticoid signaling (resulting from de...
1,030 citations
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TL;DR: Advancing the field will require establishing relevant translational animal models that produce vulnerable plaques at risk for rupture and further testing of these modalities in large prospective clinical trials, including optical coherence tomography, high-resolution MRI, molecular biomarkers, and other techniques.
Abstract: Today's concept of vulnerable plaque has evolved primarily from the early pioneering work uncovering the pivotal role of plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis as the major cause of acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Since the first historical description of plaque rupture in 1844, several key studies by leading researchers and clinicians have lead to the current accepted views on lesion instability. Important to the complex paradigm of plaque destabilization and thrombosis are many discoveries beginning with the earliest descriptions of advanced plaques, reminiscent of abscesses encapsulated by fibrous tissue capable of rupture. It was not until the late 1980s that studies of remodeling provided keen insight into the growth of advanced plaques, beyond the simple accumulation of lipid. The emphasis in the next decade, however, was on a focused shift toward the mechanisms of lesion vulnerability based on the contribution of tissue proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases as an essential factor responsible for thinning and rupture of the fibrous cap. In an attempt to unify the understanding of what constitutes a vulnerable plaque, morphological studies, mostly from autopsy, suggest the importance of necrotic core size, inflammation, and fibrous cap thickness. Definitive proof of the vulnerable plaque, however, remains elusive because animal or human data supporting a cause-and-effect relationship are lacking. Although emerging imagining technologies involving optical coherence tomography, high-resolution MRI, molecular biomarkers, and other techniques have far surpassed the limits of the early days of angiography, advancing the field will require establishing relevant translational animal models that produce vulnerable plaques at risk for rupture and further testing of these modalities in large prospective clinical trials.
1,028 citations
Authors
Showing all 52622 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Younan Xia | 216 | 943 | 175757 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Peter W.F. Wilson | 181 | 680 | 139852 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Michael Tomasello | 155 | 797 | 93361 |
Don W. Cleveland | 152 | 444 | 84737 |