Emory University

About: Emory University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 51959 authors who have published 122469 publications receiving 6010698 citations.

International Consensus Guidance Statement on the Management and Treatment of IgG4-Related Disease

Abstract: A. Khosroshahi, Z. S. Wallace, J. L. Crowe, T. Akamizu, A. Azumi, M. N. Carruthers, S. T. Chari, E. Della-Torre, L. Frulloni, H. Goto, P. A. Hart, T. Kamisawa, S. Kawa, M. Kawano, M. H. Kim, Y. Kodama, K. Kubota, M. M. Lerch, M. L€ ohr, Y. Masaki, S. Matsui, T. Mimori, S. Nakamura, T. Nakazawa, H. Ohara, K. Okazaki, J. H. Ryu, T. Saeki, N. Schleinitz, A. Shimatsu, T. Shimosegawa, H. Takahashi, M. Takahira, A. Tanaka, M. Topazian, H. Umehara, G. J. Webster, T. E. Witzig, M. Yamamoto, W. Zhang, T. Chiba, and J. H. Stone

Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.

Abstract: High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future

Tat-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes select for SIV escape variants during resolution of primary viraemia.

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections are characterized by early peaks of viraemia that decline as strong cellular immune responses develop Although it has been shown that virus-specific CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) exert selective pressure during HIV and SIV infection, the data have been controversial Here we show that Tat-specific CD8-positive T-lymphocyte responses select for new viral escape variants during the acute phase of infection We sequenced the entire virus immediately after the acute phase, and found that amino-acid replacements accumulated primarily in Tat CTL epitopes This implies that Tat-specific CTLs may be significantly involved in controlling wild-type virus replication, and suggests that responses against viral proteins that are expressed early during the viral life cycle might be attractive targets for HIV vaccine development

Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in nucleoside, nucleotide, and oligonucleotide chemistry.

Abstract: Pioneered by Huisgen in the 1960’s1, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between acetylenes and azides was brought back into focus by Sharpless and others2 when they developed the concept of “click chemistry”. This approach, based on the joining of smaller units mimics the approach used by nature to generate substances. This concept takes advantage of reactions that are modular, wide in scope, stereospecific, high yielding, and generate only non-offensive by-products to efficiently access new useful compounds. Moreover, to be completely “click”, the process must involve simple reaction conditions, readily available starting materials and reagents, the use of no solvent, or a benign or easily removable solvent.3 At first, the classical Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition did not fall into the above definition, but the discovery of copper (I) salts catalyzing the reaction first by Medal and then by Sharpless4 allowed chemists to evolve from harsh reaction conditions that lead to a mixture of 1,4- and 1,5- regio-isomers to a regioselective reaction which can be performed at room temperature in very short reaction times (Scheme 1). The Cu alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) fit so well into the above definition that it has become almost synonymous of “click chemistry” itself. Open in a separate window Scheme 1 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Between Azides and Alkynes

Organizational principles of 3D genome architecture

Abstract: Studies of 3D chromatin organization have suggested that chromosomes are hierarchically organized into large compartments composed of smaller domains called topologically associating domains (TADs). Recent evidence suggests that compartments are smaller than previously thought and that the transcriptional or chromatin state is responsible for interactions leading to the formation of small compartmental domains in all organisms. In vertebrates, CTCF forms loop domains, probably via an extrusion process involving cohesin. CTCF loops cooperate with compartmental domains to establish the 3D organization of the genome. The continuous extrusion of the chromatin fibre by cohesin may also be responsible for the establishment of enhancer–promoter interactions and stochastic aspects of the transcription process. These observations suggest that the 3D organization of the genome is an emergent property of chromatin and its components, and thus may not be only a determinant but also a consequence of its function. High-resolution studies of chromosome conformation are revealing that the 3D genome is organized into smaller structural features than was previously supposed and is primarily composed of compartmental domains and CTCF loops. In this Perspectives article Rowley and Corces describe the latest views on the organizational drivers and principles of the 3D genome, and the interplay between genome activity and organization.